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| ==Prognosis== | | ==Prognosis== |
− | | + | Horses with chronic liver failure due to ragwort poisoning have a poor prognosis for survival as the damage to the liver is severe by the time clinical signs are obvious. |
| + | |
| ==References== | | ==References== |
| * Knottenbelt, D.C. '''A Handbook of Equine Medicine for Final Year Students''' ''University of Liverpool'' | | * Knottenbelt, D.C. '''A Handbook of Equine Medicine for Final Year Students''' ''University of Liverpool'' |
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| ==Hepatotoxicity== | | ==Hepatotoxicity== |
− | **livestock will not normally eat the fresh plant
| |
− | **most cases arise in horses and cattle consuming ragwort in hay or silage
| |
| *'''pyrrolizidine alkaloids''' | | *'''pyrrolizidine alkaloids''' |
| **toxic principle converted in the body to the toxic intermediate '''pyrroles''' and their esters | | **toxic principle converted in the body to the toxic intermediate '''pyrroles''' and their esters |
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| *it is likely that the vascular component of the attempted repair of the chronic damage by fibrosis (really a type of granulation tissue) aids the shunting from the portal triads to the central vein and thereby bypassing the hepatocytes | | *it is likely that the vascular component of the attempted repair of the chronic damage by fibrosis (really a type of granulation tissue) aids the shunting from the portal triads to the central vein and thereby bypassing the hepatocytes |
| *other plant and fungal toxins perform in the same way | | *other plant and fungal toxins perform in the same way |
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− | ====Gross====
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− | *slightly enlarged [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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− | *pale in colour
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− | *very firm to section
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− |
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− | ====Microscopically====
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− | *necrosis
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− | *haemorrhage
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− | *diffuse fibrosis
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| [[Category:Hepatotoxicity, Chronic]][[Category:Horse]][[Category:Sheep]] | | [[Category:Hepatotoxicity, Chronic]][[Category:Horse]][[Category:Sheep]] |
| [[Category:To_Do_- lizzyk]] | | [[Category:To_Do_- lizzyk]] |