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====Secondary Concerns====
 
====Secondary Concerns====
 
*<small>'''Reference''': Bryson, 1999, Update on calf pneumonia, CPD Veterinary Medicine, 1,3, 90-95</small>
 
*<small>'''Reference''': Bryson, 1999, Update on calf pneumonia, CPD Veterinary Medicine, 1,3, 90-95</small>
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*Causative agent [[Paramyxoviridae|Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)]], synonym: bovine RSV (BRSV)
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*Outbreaks of RSV associated disease usually occur associated with winter housing
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*Gross pathology in severe cases
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**Cranioventral [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Atelectasis (Collapse)|atelectasis]] and consolidation
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**[[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Emphysema|Interstitial emphysema]]
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***More prominent in the caudal lung lobes
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***Results from bronchoconstriction which results in airway obstruction - this constriction is thought to arise from [[Mast Cells|mast cell]] degranulation and histamine release
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*Histologically
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**[[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis|Acute bronchiolitis]], characteristic of the bronchiolar response is the formation of syncytial giant cells  (formed by proliferating bronchiolar epithelial cells which may contain [[Degenerations and Infiltrations - Pathology#Cellular Inclusions|intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies]]), alveolar epithelium sometimes affected
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**Obstruction of bronchioles by exudate - these may later become obliterated by the fibrous tissue of organisation
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*May contribute to [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|Enzootic pneumonia of calves]]
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[[Category:Pneumovirinae]][[Category:Cattle]]
 
[[Category:Pneumovirinae]][[Category:Cattle]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
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