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− | | + | ==Introduction== |
− | ==Description== | |
| '''Lymphangiectasia''' is a disease of the [[Lymphatic Vessels - Anatomy & Physiology|lymphatic vessels]] that results in the leakage of protein-rich [[Lymph - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph]]. The term is usually taken to mean intestinal lymphangiectasia (in which lymph is lost into the intestinal lumen, producing a [[Protein Losing Enteropathy|protein-losing enteropathy]](PLE) and severe lipid malabsorption) but thoracic and generalised lymphangiectasia have been reported. | | '''Lymphangiectasia''' is a disease of the [[Lymphatic Vessels - Anatomy & Physiology|lymphatic vessels]] that results in the leakage of protein-rich [[Lymph - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph]]. The term is usually taken to mean intestinal lymphangiectasia (in which lymph is lost into the intestinal lumen, producing a [[Protein Losing Enteropathy|protein-losing enteropathy]](PLE) and severe lipid malabsorption) but thoracic and generalised lymphangiectasia have been reported. |
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| Preferably, a full thickness intestinal biopsy should be taken to achieve a definitive diagnosis. Care should be taken as hypoproteinaemic animals are at much greater risk of dehiscence at the biopsy sites, potentially leading to an acute septic [[Peritonitis - Cats and Dogs|peritonitis]]. On histological examination of the biopsy sample, accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages may be detected together with a granulomatous response around distended lymphatics. | | Preferably, a full thickness intestinal biopsy should be taken to achieve a definitive diagnosis. Care should be taken as hypoproteinaemic animals are at much greater risk of dehiscence at the biopsy sites, potentially leading to an acute septic [[Peritonitis - Cats and Dogs|peritonitis]]. On histological examination of the biopsy sample, accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages may be detected together with a granulomatous response around distended lymphatics. |
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− | It is essential to distinguish a true lymphangiectasia from secondary lacteal dilation that occurs with [[Inflammatory Bowel Disease|Inflammatory Bowel Disease]] (IBD). In the case of IBD, an inflammatory infiltrate will be seen in the lamina propria but the degree of infiltration may be underestimated if [[Oedema - Pathology|oedema]] is present. | + | It is essential to distinguish a true lymphangiectasia from secondary lacteal dilation that occurs with [[Inflammatory Bowel Disease|Inflammatory Bowel Disease]] (IBD). In the case of IBD, an inflammatory infiltrate will be seen in the lamina propria but the degree of infiltration may be underestimated if [[Oedema|oedema]] is present. |
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| ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
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| The long-term prognosis is guarded as, although animals may respond to medical therapy initially, they frequently relapse and develop clinical signs associated with hypoproteinaemia. | | The long-term prognosis is guarded as, although animals may respond to medical therapy initially, they frequently relapse and develop clinical signs associated with hypoproteinaemia. |
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− | ==Literature Search== | + | {{Learning |
− | [[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
| + | |Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis02922.asp, Canine lymphatic diseases] |
− | | + | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=Lymphangiectasia&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&x=54&y=14&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all Lymphangiectasia publications] |
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− | Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
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− | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=Lymphangiectasia&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&x=54&y=14&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all Lymphangiectasia publications] | |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
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| *Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''. | | *Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''. |
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| [[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology]] | | [[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology]] |
− | [[Category:To_Do_-_James]] | + | |
− | [[Category:Dog]][[Category:Cat]]
| + | [[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Cat]] |
| [[Category:Expert_Review]] | | [[Category:Expert_Review]] |