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Stomatitis is the inflammation of the mucosa lining any structures within the mouth. This may include the lips, cheeks, [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] and [[Gingiva Introduction#Structure and Function of the Gingiva|gingiva]].

Stomatitis is the inflammation of the mucosa lining any structures within the mouth. This may include the lips, cheeks, [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] and [[Gingiva#Structure and Function of the Gingiva|gingiva]].

Several different types of stomatitis have been described in the dog:

Several different types of stomatitis have been described in the dog:

Ulcerative stomatitis which presents as ulcerations on the margins of the tongue that are common together with a secondary lip-fold dermatitis due to excessive salivation.

Ulcerative stomatitis which presents as ulcerations on the margins of the tongue that are common together with a secondary lip-fold dermatitis due to excessive salivation.

Necrotizing stomatitis which is a very painful condition in dogs that may be caused by opportunistic invasion of normal oral flora. Suspected causative organisms include [[Fusobacterium|''Fusobacterium'']] and [[:Category:Spirochaetes|spirochaetes]]. Invasion of these organisms is thought to be associated with reduced host resistance.

Necrotizing stomatitis which is a very painful condition in dogs that may be caused by opportunistic invasion of normal oral flora. Suspected causative organisms include [[Fusobacterium necrophorum|''Fusobacterium'']] and [[:Category:Spirochaetes|spirochaetes]]. Invasion of these organisms is thought to be associated with reduced host resistance.

Uraemic stomatitis which occurs as a result of uraemia due to renal disease. Severe stomatitis and ulceration of the oral mucosa as well as the margins of the tongue are seen with this condition. The lesions occur due to the bacterial degradation of urea to form ammonia together with dehydration and drying of the oral mucosa that results from renal disease.

Uraemic stomatitis which occurs as a result of [[uraemia]] due to renal disease. Severe stomatitis and ulceration of the oral mucosa as well as the margins of the tongue are seen with this condition. The lesions occur due to the bacterial degradation of urea to form ammonia together with dehydration and drying of the oral mucosa that results from renal disease.

Stomatitis in the cat:

Stomatitis in the cat:

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Both dogs and cats can develop this condition.

Both dogs and cats can develop this condition.

Breeds of dog predisposed include the Greyhound, Maltese, Cavalier King Charles, Minature Snauzer and Labrador Retriever.

Breeds of dog predisposed include the Greyhound, Maltese, Cavalier King Charles, Miniature Schnauzer and Labrador Retriever.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

===Pathology===

===Pathology===

Starts as hyperaemia and oedema of the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] or pharynx with mucoid exudate on the surface.

Starts as hyperaemia and oedema of the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] or pharynx with mucoid exudate on the surface.

Lymphoid follicles on the [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] may enlarge and proliferate.  

Lymphoid follicles on the [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] may enlarge and proliferate.  

Often see white spots due to epithelial hyperplasia and increased mucous secretion, these can be scraped off to leave ordinary mucosa underneath.   

Often see white spots due to epithelial hyperplasia and increased mucous secretion, these can be scraped off to leave ordinary mucosa underneath.   

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

Depends on the underlying cause.

Depends on the underlying cause.

==References==

==References==

[[Category:Oral_Cavity_and_Gingiva_-_Pathology]]

[[Category:Oral_Cavity_and_Gingiva_-_Pathology]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Cat]][[Category:Dog]]

[[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:Periodontal Conditions]]