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==Factors affecting Responses to Toxins==
==Factors affecting Responses to Toxins==
===Species===
===Species===
Some toxins are specific to certain species - chocolate poisoning in dogs for example could in theory affect cats in a similar way but their dietary habits mean they are far less likley to consume large quantities of chocolate of their own volition. Cats lack some glucuronyl transferases that are important for glucuronidation, so drugs such as aspirin, paracetamol, morphine and hexachlorophene have a prolonged half life because these chemicals are metabolised and excreted as glucuronide conjugates. In terms of toxicity, this mechanism increases the risk of accumulation and therefore increases the liklelyhood of toxic effects occuring.
Some toxins are specific to certain species - chocolate poisoning in dogs for example could in theory affect cats in a similar way but their dietary habits mean they are far less likely to consume large quantities of chocolate of their own volition. Cats lack some glucuronyl transferases that are important for glucuronidation, so drugs such as aspirin, paracetamol, morphine and hexachlorophene have a prolonged half life because these chemicals are metabolised and excreted as glucuronide conjugates. In terms of toxicity, this mechanism increases the risk of accumulation and therefore increases the likelyhood of toxic effects occuring.
===Age===
===Age===
Neonates have a relatively poorly developed GI barrier and less efficient renal function, both of which leave them vulnerable to toxic insults. Organs that develop after birth are more susceptible to injury - notably the CNS and the kidneys. In some instances sequestration occurs into actively growing tissues (e.g.tetracyclines and fluoride into growing teeth and bones).
Neonates have a relatively poorly developed GI barrier and less efficient renal function, both of which leave them vulnerable to toxic insults. Organs that develop after birth are more susceptible to injury - notably the CNS and the kidneys. In some instances sequestration occurs into actively growing tissues (e.g.tetracyclines and fluoride into growing teeth and bones).