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Yeast-like Fungi - Flashcards (view source)
Revision as of 08:40, 21 October 2013
, 08:40, 21 October 2013→Malassezia pachydermatis
[[Image:Sour Crop.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Sour Crop - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
[[Image:Sour Crop.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Sour Crop - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
==<font color="purple">Candidosis</font>==
===Candidosis===
<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What are the three important species of ''Candida'' in animal infections?
|a1=
*C. albicans
*C. tropicalis
*C. pelliculosa
||<font color="white"> <big>
|l1=Candida_spp.
*'''''C. albicans'''''
|q2=What are the clinical signs of a sour crop infection?
*'''''C. tropicalis'''''
|a2=
*'''''C. pelliculosa'''''
*White-grey lesions in mouth, oesophagus and crop
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
*Thickened crop wall
|-
*Yellow-white necrotic material in crop
|l2=Candida_spp.
||<font color="white"> <big>
|q3=What other conditions are ''Candida'' spp. implicated in?
*'''''White-grey lesions in mouth, oesophagus and crop'''''
|a3=
*'''''Thickened crop wall'''''
*Thrush in humans
*'''''Yellow-white necrotic material in crop'''''
*Metritis, pyometra and vaginitis in mares
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
*Genital candidiosis in stallions
|-
*Bovine mastitis
*Porcine stomach ulcers
||<font color="white"> <big>
|l3=Candida_spp.
*'''''Thrush in humans'''''
|q4=How would you demonstrate a ''Candida'' infection?
*'''''Metritis, pyometra and vaginitis in mares'''''
|a4=
*'''''Genital candidiosis in stallions'''''
*Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy
*'''''Bovine mastitis'''''
*Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue stain
*'''''Porcine stomach ulcers'''''
*Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
*Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments
|-
|l4=Candida_spp.
</FlashCard>
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy'''''
===Cryptococcosis===
*'''''Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue stain'''''
<FlashCard questions="5">
*'''''Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar'''''
|q1=What is the main pathogenic species of ''Cryptococcus''?
*'''''Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments'''''
|a1=C. neoformans
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Candidosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|l1=Cryptococcosis
|q2=Where is ''Cryptococcus'' found in the environment?
|a2=
==<font color="purple">Cryptococcosis</font>==
*Pigeon droppings
*Fruit
*Milk
*Soil
|l2=Cryptococcosis
|q3=Which body systems are affected?
|a3=
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Respiratory
*Visceral
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
*Ocular
*Skeletal
*Systemic
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Cutaneous
*'''''Pigeon droppings'''''
|l3=Cryptococcosis
*'''''Fruit'''''
|q4=Where is the most common site of infection in cats?
*'''''Milk'''''
|a4=The tip of the nose
*'''''Soil'''''
|l4=Cryptococcosis
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|q5=How would you demonstrate a cryptococcosis infection?
|a5=
*India Ink
||<font color="white"> <big>
*PAS
*'''''Respiratory'''''
*Gram stain (positive)
*'''''Visceral'''''
*Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar
*'''''Ocular'''''
*Carbohydrate assimilation tests
*'''''Skeletal'''''
*Latex agglutination for antigen, complement fixation, ELISA and IFAT can be used
*'''''Systemic'''''
|l5=Cryptococcosis
*'''''Cutaneous'''''
</FlashCard>
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
===Geotrichosis===
<FlashCard questions="2">
||<font color="white"> <big>
|q1=Which organs are usually affected in geotrichosis infections?
|a1=
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
*Udder
*Mucous membranes
*Bronchi
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Lungs
*'''''India Ink'''''
|l1=Geotrichosis
*'''''PAS'''''
|q2=True or False: Geotrichosis infections are usually diagnosed post-mortem
*'''''Gram stain (positive)'''''
|a2=True
*'''''Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar'''''
|l2=Geotrichosis
*'''''Carbohydrate assimilation tests'''''
</FlashCard>
*'''''Latex agglutination for antigen, complement fixation, ELISA and IFAT can be used'''''
||[[Yeast-like fungi#Cryptococcosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
===Malassezia pachydermidis===
<FlashCard questions="2">
|q1=Where in the body is ''Malassezia pachydermidis'' usually found?
|a1=
*Oily areas
*Ear canal
*Skin
|l1=Yeast-like fungi#Malassezia pachydermatis
|q2=What is the pathogenesis of ''Malassezia pachydermatis'' infections?
|a2=
*Malassezia spp are part of the normal skin flora in many animal species and overgrowth most commonly occurs secondary to a change in skin microclimate due to underlying disease processes like food allergy, atopic dermatitis, endocrinopathies or keratinization defects
Regional lesions on the muzzle, ears, interdigital area and the perianal region
*Infection can also be generalised
*Erythematous, hyperpigmented, lichenified and scaly lesions with alopecia
|l2=Yeast-like fungi#Malassezia pachydermidis
</FlashCard>
===Rhodotorula===
<FlashCard questions="1">
|q1=What infections of dogs and horses are ''Rhodotorula'' spp. involved in?
|a1=
*Canine ear infections
*Equine uterine infections
|l1=Rhodotorula
</FlashCard>
===Torulopsis glabrata===
<FlashCard questions="1">
|q1=What infections are ''Torulopsis'' spp. involved in?
|a1=
*Pyelonephritis, pneumonia, septicaemia and meningitis in humans
*Mastitis and abortion in cattle
*Systemic infection of monkeys and dogs
|l1=Torulopsis glabrata
</FlashCard>
===Trichosporonosis===
<FlashCard questions="2">
|q1=What infection is ''T. capitum'' involved in?
|a1=Bovine mastitis
|l1=Trichosporonosis
|q2=What infections are ''Trichosporonosis beigelii'' involved in?
|a2=
*Feline nasal granuloma
*Skin infections in horses and monkeys
*Bovine and ovine mastitis
*Feline bladder infections
|l2=Trichosporonosis
</FlashCard>
[[Category:Yeast-like Fungi]][[Category:Fungi Flashcards]]