Yeast-like Fungi - Flashcards

Sour Crop - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath

Candidosis

Question	Answer		Article
What are the three important species of Candida in animal infections?	C. albicans C. tropicalis C. pelliculosa		Link to Article
What are the clinical signs of a sour crop infection?	White-grey lesions in mouth, oesophagus and crop Thickened crop wall Yellow-white necrotic material in crop		Link to Article
What other conditions are Candida spp. implicated in?	Thrush in humans Metritis, pyometra and vaginitis in mares Genital candidiosis in stallions Bovine mastitis Porcine stomach ulcers		Link to Article
How would you demonstrate a Candida infection?	Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue stain Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments		Link to Article

Cryptococcosis

Question	Answer		Article
What is the main pathogenic species of Cryptococcus?	C. neoformans		Link to Article
Where is Cryptococcus found in the environment?	Pigeon droppings Fruit Milk Soil		Link to Article
Which body systems are affected?	Respiratory Visceral Ocular Skeletal Systemic Cutaneous		Link to Article
Where is the most common site of infection in cats?	The tip of the nose		Link to Article
How would you demonstrate a cryptococcosis infection?	India Ink PAS Gram stain (positive) Grows on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar Carbohydrate assimilation tests Latex agglutination for antigen, complement fixation, ELISA and IFAT can be used		Link to Article

Geotrichosis

Question	Answer		Article
Which organs are usually affected in geotrichosis infections?	Udder Mucous membranes Bronchi Lungs		Link to Article
True or False: Geotrichosis infections are usually diagnosed post-mortem	True		Link to Article

Malassezia pachydermidis

Question	Answer		Article
Where in the body is Malassezia pachydermidis usually found?	Oily areas Ear canal Skin		Link to Article
What is the pathogenesis of Malassezia pachydermatis infections?	Malassezia spp are part of the normal skin flora in many animal species and overgrowth most commonly occurs secondary to a change in skin microclimate due to underlying disease processes like food allergy, atopic dermatitis, endocrinopathies or keratinization defects Regional lesions on the muzzle, ears, interdigital area and the perianal region Infection can also be generalised Erythematous, hyperpigmented, lichenified and scaly lesions with alopecia		Link to Article

Rhodotorula

Question	Answer		Article
What infections of dogs and horses are Rhodotorula spp. involved in?	Canine ear infections Equine uterine infections		Link to Article

Torulopsis glabrata

Question	Answer		Article
What infections are Torulopsis spp. involved in?	Pyelonephritis, pneumonia, septicaemia and meningitis in humans Mastitis and abortion in cattle Systemic infection of monkeys and dogs		Link to Article

Trichosporonosis

Question	Answer		Article
What infection is T. capitum involved in?	Bovine mastitis		Link to Article
What infections are Trichosporonosis beigelii involved in?	Feline nasal granuloma Skin infections in horses and monkeys Bovine and ovine mastitis Feline bladder infections		Link to Article