Glutamate dehydrogenase

GLDH Introduction

Virtually liver specific, this enzyme is localised almost exclusively in the mitochondria of hepatocytes. It is generally considered that a severe insult is required to bring about its release and it is therefore not a sensitive general marker for hepatic disease. However, GLDH has been demonstrated to be a sensitive marker of hepatocellular necrosis in the dog irrespective of its severity.

Small Animals

Causes of increased GLDH activity

• Hepatocellular necrosis
• Secondary hepatopathies (for example, congestive heart failure and small intestinal pathology)

Complementary tests

ALT, albumin, bilirubin and bile acids.

Equine

GLDH has a relatively short half life in the horse (12-14 hours) compared to LDH, AST and GGT. Elevated levels therefore indicate active hepatocellular damage.

Causes of increased GLDH activity

• Hepatocellular necrosis

• Enteropathy – common and levels can be quite high

Complementary tests

AST, GGT (hepatocellular damage) and bile acids (hepatic function).

Authors & References

NationWide Laboratories