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− | *Pathogenesis and pathogenicity:
| + | #REDIRECT[[Actinobacillosis]] |
− | **Commensal in the mouth and intestinal tract of cattle and sheep
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− | **Penetrates damaged mucosa to cause chronic granulomatous inflammation of soft tissues, a condition known as Actinobacillosis
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− | **Enodogenous, sporadic infection
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− | **Lesions in the tongue, cheek, lips and sometimes in the lower gut and lungs from aspiration
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− | **Often spreads from the site of infection to lymphatics, and may cause pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis
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− | **[[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Wooden tongue|Myositis]] and formation of fibrous tissue in the lesions lead to hardening of the tissue, hence the condition is known as 'wooden tongue' in cattle
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− | **In sheep abscesses with thick walls are produced
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− | **Feeding is impaired, causing loss of condition
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− | **Infection in the oesophageal groove can cause tympany and enlargement of the retropharyngeal lymph node, causing difficulty in swallowing and breathing
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− | **[[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Bacterial granulomatous dermatitis|Cutaneous lesions]] in cattle and sheep
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− | **Contamination of the environment via ulcerating lesions
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− | *Diagnosis:
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− | **Induration of tongue
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− | **Tissue sections may demonstrate pyogranulomatous foci containing club colonies
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− | **Gram negative rods may be present in smears from exudates
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− | **Cultures on blood agar and MacConkey agar, incubated for 24-72 hours
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− | **Blood agar: small, sticky, non-haemolytic clonies
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− | **MacConkey agar: slow lactose fermentation
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− | *Treatment:
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− | **Sodium iodide parenterally, or potassium iodide orally
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− | **Potentiated sulphonamides or a penicillin/streptomycin combination
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− | **Rough feed should be avoided
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− | Causes [[Actinobacillosis|Actinobacillosis (wooden tongue)]]
| + | [[Category:Actinobacillus species]][[Category:Cattle Bacteria]] |
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− | [[Category:Actinobacillus species]][[Category:Cattle]] | |
− | [[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]
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