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Muscles Degenerative - Pathology (view source)

Revision as of 17:57, 3 March 2011

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===Calcification===

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===[[Muscle Calcification]]===

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*Due to:

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**Old age - myofibres

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**Following necrosis - [[Mineralisation - Pathology#Dystrophic|dystrophic calcification]]

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***May be visible grossly as white foci

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***May contain accumulations of cartilage, bone or calcium

**Hyperplastic connective tissue -> compression of adjacent skeletal muscle -> [[Muscles Degenerative - Pathology#Atrophy|atrophy]]

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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**Leaks to adjacent tissue after sudden injury

*May also be present after some types of intramuscular injections e.g. iron dextran or tetracycline

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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**Scattered small segments of necrosis and fast regeneration

**Sacrolemmal tubes are intact

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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==Atrophy==

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***Grossly:

****Smaller, darker, thinner muscles

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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**Histologically:

***Tiny foci of [[Muscles Degenerative - Pathology#Necrosis|segmental necrosis]]

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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***Type IIB myofibre atrophy is preferential in hyperadrenocorticism

*[[Hypothyroidism|Hypothyroidism]] can cause muscle atrophy

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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**[[Muscles Degenerative - Pathology#Necrosis|Segmental necrosis]] +/- [[Muscles Degenerative - Pathology#Calcification|calcification]] and [[Muscle Regeneration|regeneration]]

**Multifocal and multiphasic lesions

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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==Exertional myopathies==

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**Grossly - normal muscle

**Histologically - same as azoturia

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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*Diagnosis by demonstration of toxin in faeces, ingested material or serum

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

==Circulatory disturbances==

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*May resemble haemorhage grossly

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

===Ischaemia===

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**E.g. supracoracoid muscle infarction in some breeds of turkeys after flapping their wings

***Surrounded by inelastic fascial sheath and bone

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

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==Trauma==

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*Fibrosis (scarring) will compromise function

*During [[Bones Fractures - Pathology|fractures]], fragments may cause further trauma if moved

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[[Category:Muscles - Degenerative Pathology]]

[[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Pathology]]

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