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− | [[Category:To Do - CABI]] | + | {{OpenPagesTop}} |
| + | {{Podcasts |
| + | |link = http://media.bloomsburymediacloud.org/podcasts/wikivet-english/porcine-adenovirus |
| + | }} |
| + | Also Known As: '''''pADV 1-5 — pADV A-C''''' |
| + | |
| + | ==Introduction== |
| + | Porcine adenovirus causes [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] and gastrointestinal disease in piglets and is also often implicated in '''multifactorial respiratory''' diseases. |
| + | |
| + | pADV-4 is thought to be the most pathogenic of the porcine [[Adenoviridae|adenoviruses]]. |
| + | |
| + | ==Distribution== |
| + | Worldwide |
| + | |
| + | Transmission is '''faecal:oral''' |
| + | |
| + | ==Signalment== |
| + | pADV is only known to affect '''swine.''' |
| + | |
| + | ==Clinical Signs== |
| + | pADV is a '''low grade pathogen''', associated with short duration mild clinical signs. |
| + | |
| + | '''[[Diarrhoea]], inappetance, dehydration and anorexia''' often present in various degrees of severity. |
| + | |
| + | '''Dullness, depression, lethargy, listlessness and tremors''' may develop, often secondary to dehydration. |
| + | |
| + | '''Reproductive''' disease may present as abortion and stillbirth pigs. |
| + | |
| + | Respiratory disease, e.g. cough, dyspnoea, blue extremities etc. often develops when combined with other pathogens. |
| + | |
| + | Subclinical and asymptomatic infections are common. |
| + | |
| + | ==Diagnosis== |
| + | Histologically, pADV causes formation of '''nuclear inclusion bodies''' in the intestinal cells<ref> Buller, C. R., Moxley, R. A. (1988) '''Natural infection of porcine ileal dome M cells with rotavirus and enteric adenovirus.''''' Vet Path'', 25(6):516-517; 9</ref>. |
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| + | '''Viral isolation can be performed in tissue cultures'''. Cells infected become rounded and enlarged and then detach from the vessel. |
| + | |
| + | Viral particles can be seen via '''electron microscopy''' up to 6 days post infection. |
| + | |
| + | '''Immunoperoxidase and [[Immunofluorescence|immunofluorescent]]''' staining can demonstrate viral antigen. |
| + | |
| + | '''Antibodies''' can be detected serologically with '''[[immunodiffusion]], [[Complement Fixation|complement fixation]], serum neutralisation and [[ELISA testing|ELISA]].''' |
| + | |
| + | ==Treatment== |
| + | '''None''' is usually necessary as disease is mild and/or transient. |
| + | |
| + | Affected animals can become dehydrated and so '''symptomatic treatment''' with fluid replacement solutions is recommended. |
| + | |
| + | ==Control== |
| + | '''None''' is usually practised although a study has demonstrated beneficial use of a vaccine<ref> Kadoi, K (1997) '''Beneficial use of inactivated porcine adenovirus vaccine and antibody response of young pigs.''''' New Microbiol''. 20:89-91</ref> |
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| + | {{Learning |
| + | |flashcards = [[Porcine Adenovirus Flashcards]] |
| + | }} |
| + | |
| + | ==References== |
| + | <references/> |
| + | {{CABI source |
| + | |datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=68580&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 porcine adenoviruses] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=68588&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 porcine adenovirus infection] |
| + | |date =16 June 2011 |
| + | }} |
| + | <br><br> |
| + | |
| + | {{Mandy Nevel |
| + | |date = 09 September 2011 |
| + | }} |
| + | |
| + | {{OpenPages}} |
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| + | [[Category:Adenoviridae]] |
| + | [[Category:Gastric Diseases - Pig]][[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Pig]] |
| + | [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Pig]] |
| + | [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Pig]] |
| + | [[Category:Pig Viruses]] |
| + | [[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]] |