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|order =Spirochaetales
|order =Spirochaetales
|family =Brachyspiraceae
|family =Brachyspiraceae
|genus =Brachyspira
|genus =[[:Category:Brachyspira and Serpulina|Brachyspira]]
|species =''B. pilosicoli''
|species =''B. pilosicoli''
}}
}}
==Introduction==
==Introduction==
'''''Brachyspira pilosicoli''''' is a '''gram negative spiral shaped obligate anaerobe [[Bacteria|bacterium]]''', closely related to ''[[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]]'' and one of the '''''[[Spirochaetes]]''''' family. The bacterium is loosely coiled and is 6-11µm long. It is only weakly haemolytic in contract to ''B. hyodysenteriae.''
'''''Brachyspira pilosicoli''''' is a '''gram negative spiral shaped obligate anaerobe [[Bacteria|bacterium]]''', closely related to ''[[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]]'', and one of the '''''[[Spirochaetes]]''''' family. The bacterium is loosely coiled and is 6-11µm long. It is only weakly haemolytic in contrast to ''B. hyodysenteriae.''
The bacterium may have '''8-12 flagellae''', inserted at either pole of the cell and has a '''lipopolysaccharide cell wall''' which also acts as a virulence factor.
The bacterium may have '''8-12 flagellae''', inserted at either pole of the cell and has a '''lipopolysaccharide cell wall''' which also acts as a virulence factor.
==Lifecycle==
==Lifecycle==
Infection of ''B.pilosicoli'' is acquired via '''ingestion of contaminated faeces.'''
Infection of ''B.pilosicoli'' is acquired via '''ingestion of contaminated faeces.''' Once in the Alimentary tract, the '''flagellae allow the bacterium to move through the mucus''' in the intestine and thus reach and invade its target cells in the large intestine. The organism remains '''infective for long periods in organic matter but is inactivated by sunlight.'''
Once in the [[Alimentary System|Alimentary tract]], the '''flagellae allow the bacterium to move through the mucus''' in the intestine and thus reach and invade its target cells in the large intestine.
The organism remains '''infective for long periods in organic matter but is inactivated by sunlight.'''
The pathogen has been isolated from '''dogs, birds, mice and humans'''. Dogs are thought to be a source of infection for people.
The pathogen has been isolated from '''dogs, birds, mice and humans'''. Dogs are thought to be a source of infection for people.
Hirsh, D. C., Maclachan, N. J., Walker, R. L (2004) '''Veterinary Microbiology 2nd ed.'''. Pp:131-133. ''Wiley-Blackwell, London''.
Hirsh, D. C., Maclachan, N. J., Walker, R. L (2004) '''Veterinary Microbiology 2nd ed.'''. Pp:131-133. ''Wiley-Blackwell, London''.
[[Category:Brachyspira_and_Serpulina]][[Category:Pig Bacteria]] [[Category:To Do - CABI review]]
{{review}}
[[Category:Brachyspira_and_Serpulina]]
[[Category:Pig Bacteria]]
[[Category:Zoonoses]]
[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]