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→Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
*May occur subclinically
*May occur subclinically
*Involvement of central nervous system generally results in death
*Involvement of central nervous system generally results in death
*'''Pathogenesis''':
*'''Pathogenesis''':
**Aerosol infection
**Aerosol infection
**Viraemia
**Viraemia
**Spreads via monocytes to a variety of epithelium depending upon the strain of virus
**Spreads via monocytes to a variety of epithelium depending upon the strain of virus
***Respiratory and alimentary tracts, skin and later (1-5 wk. post infection) to the brain
***[[Nasal cavity - inflammatory#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Respiratory]] and alimentary tracts, skin and later (1-5 wk. post infection) to the brain
*'''Clinical signs''':
*'''Clinical signs''':
**Mucopurulent oculonasal discharge
**Mucopurulent oculonasal discharge
**Smelly sometimes bloody diarrhoea
**Smelly sometimes bloody diarrhoea
**Eruptions on the skin including hyperkeratosis of the nose and pads (hardpad)
**Eruptions on the skin including hyperkeratosis of the nose and pads (hardpad)
**Demyelination -> incoordination or muscle tremors -> paralysis and coma or convulsions -> death
**Demyelination (especially in cerebellum) -> incoordination or muscle tremors -> paralysis and coma or convulsions -> death
**Encephalitis
**Encephalitis
**Secondary pyogenic infections associated with immunosuppression and damage to epithelia
**Secondary pyogenic infections associated with immunosuppression and damage to epithelia
Intracytoplasmic inclusions may be found in most affected tissues
and inclusions persist longest in the brain (may be intranuclear) and the alveolar macrophages.
and inclusions persist longest in the brain (may be intranuclear) and the alveolar macrophages.
The severity of the disease may vary; if enough neutralising antibody develops in the early stages, the virus maybe kept restricted largely to the lymph nodes.
The severity of the disease may vary; if enough neutralising antibody develops in the early stages, the virus maybe kept restricted largely to the lymph nodes.
Severe clinical pneumonia follows secondary infection with ''Bordetella bronchiseptica''.} <small>From RVC respiratory notes 2006 by B.Smyth</small>
*Can contribute to [[Viral infections#In Dogs|Infectious canine tracheitis]]
*May be involved in [[Pancreas - inflammatory#Chronic interstitial pancreatitis|chronic interstitial pancreatitis]]
*May cause [[Bones - developmental#Retention of elongated primary trabeculae|growth retardation lattice]]
*May also trigger latent Toxoplasmosis due to suppressing effect on lymphoid tissue