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Limb Muscles - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 13:53, 15 October 2012
, 13:53, 15 October 2012→Muscles of the Carpal and Digital Joints
====Muscles of the Carpal and Digital Joints====
====Muscles of the Carpal and Digital Joints====
The horse, as well as other domestic mammals, have a limited range of motion in the carpal joints compared with humans; therefore these muscles act as either extensors or flexors.
====='''Extensors'''=====
====='''Extensors'''=====
'''''Extensor carpi radialis'''''
'''''Extensor carpi radialis'''''
:The most medial, inserts on the metacarpal tuberosity.
:The most medial
::'''Insertion''': Metacarpal tuberosity of the proximal third metacarpal (cannon) bone. Uniquely in the horse, the lacertus fibrosus (detachment of the ''biceps brachii'') joins this muscle prior to its insertion.
'''''Ulnaris lateralis'''''
::'''Action''': Extends and fixes the carpus, flexes the elbow
:The most lateral, inserts on the accessory carpal bone.
'''''Extensor carpi obliquus''''' (aka '''''abductor pollicis longus''''')
'''''Extensor carpi obliquus''''' (aka '''''abductor pollicis longus''''')
'''''Flexor carpi ulnaris'''''
'''''Flexor carpi ulnaris'''''
:The most lateral, inserts on the accessory carpal bone.
:The most lateral, inserts on the accessory carpal bone.
'''''Ulnaris lateralis'''''
:The most caudolateral
:'''Insertion''': Accessory carpal bone and the fourth metacarpal (lateral splint) bone.
:'''Action''': Flexes the carpus rather than extends it due to its insertion caudal to the carpal joint axis.
'''''Superficial Digital Flexor'''''
'''''Superficial Digital Flexor'''''