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**Paralysis of respiratory muscles leads to death
**Paralysis of respiratory muscles leads to death
**Flacid paralysis of legs and wings in birds
**Flacid paralysis of legs and wings in birds
*Diagnosis:
*Toxoid vaccine
**Mouse inoculation with infected serum
**Toxin detection by PCR, ELISA
**Toxin neutralisation tests in mice
*Treatment: polyvalent antiserum neutralises unbound toxin
*Toxoid vaccine used in endemic regions
*Implicated in [[Intestines - physical disturbances#Equine dysautonomia, or grass sickness|equine grass sickness]]
*Implicated in [[Intestines - physical disturbances#Equine dysautonomia, or grass sickness|equine grass sickness]]