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→Taste Buds
==Taste Buds==
==Taste Buds==
*Also found on the [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]] and pharynx (but sparsely distributed)
*Constant cell turnover
*Flat, think cells
*Taste hairs (microvilli) pointing though taste pore
*Nerves transduce chemical signals into nervous signals
*Papillae are specialised projections of the mucosa
*Some papillae have taste buds others are mechanical to roughen surface of tongue
'''Types of Papillae'''
*Conical
-Not in horses
-Caudal 1/3 of tongue
-Point caudally
-No taste buds
-Thick epithelium
*Foliate
-8 to 12 papillae in group, one either side of tongue midline
-Stratified squamous epithelium
-Caudal 1/3 of tongue
-Taste buds present
*Vallate
-3 to 6
-Often secondary papillae in taste buds
-Broad glands
-Caudal 1/3 of tongue
-Taste buds present
*Fungiform
-Red dots on tongue surface
-Keratinised, stratified squamous epithelium
-Blood vessels
-Loss of heat via panting in dogs
-Rostral 2/3 of tongue
-Taste buds present
*Filoform
-Most numerous
-Points caudally
-No taste buds
-Smallest
-Thick epithelium
-Very prominent in cat
-Rostral 2/3 of tongue
==Species Differences==
==Species Differences==