Changes

Local factors causing enamel dysplasia mostly involve trauma. A blow to the face, a jaw fracture, a fractured deciduous tooth with pulp necrosis or a localised infection may all affect the developing permanent crown. Systemic factors usually result in many teeth being affected.

Local factors causing enamel dysplasia mostly involve trauma. A blow to the face, a jaw fracture, a fractured deciduous tooth with pulp necrosis or a localised infection may all affect the developing permanent crown. Systemic factors usually result in many teeth being affected.

'''[[Enamel Hypoplasia|Hypoplasia]]''' vs '''hypocalcification''' - During enamel formation, [[Enamel Organ#Ameloblasts|ameloblasts]]  are susceptible to various external factors that may damage or cause malfunction of the cells. <br>

'''Hypoplasia''' vs '''hypocalcification''' - During enamel formation, [[Enamel Organ#Ameloblasts|ameloblasts]]  are susceptible to various external factors that may damage or cause malfunction of the cells. <br>

Defective enamel, which is when there is not enough of it but what there is, is of normal hardness, is known as [[Enamel Hypoplasia|enamel hypoplasia]]. Damage to the actual ameloblasts has occurred resulting in areas where there is no enamel formation. Defective enamel, in which normal amounts of enamel are produced but the enamel is hypomineralised is known as enamel hypocalcification. In this defect, the enamel is softer than normal. It is often not possible to distinguish the two types on clinical appearance alone.

Defective enamel, which is when there is not enough of it but what there is, is of normal hardness, is known as enamel hypoplasia. Damage to the actual ameloblasts has occurred resulting in areas where there is no enamel formation. Defective enamel, in which normal amounts of enamel are produced but the enamel is hypomineralised is known as enamel hypocalcification. In this defect, the enamel is softer than normal. It is often not possible to distinguish the two types on clinical appearance alone.

'''Generalised enamel dysplasia''' - Historically, the most common cause of enamel dysplasia was [[Distemper|distemper virus]] - the virus caused a febrile reaction which affected the developing tooth, but it is also an epitheliotropic virus, affecting developing epithelium, from which ameloblasts originate. Virus particles have been demonstrated in the actual ameloblasts. Other causes of generalised enamel dysplasia usually result from a febrile reaction, and, in rare cases [[Hypocalcaemia|hypocalcaemia]], excessive fluoride ingestion and nutritional deficiencies. There have been case reports of dysplasia associated with [[:Category: Kidney - Developmental Pathology|congenital renal disease]].

'''Generalised enamel dysplasia''' - Historically, the most common cause of enamel dysplasia was [[Distemper|distemper virus]] - the virus caused a febrile reaction which affected the developing tooth, but it is also an epitheliotropic virus, affecting developing epithelium, from which ameloblasts originate. Virus particles have been demonstrated in the actual ameloblasts. Other causes of generalised enamel dysplasia usually result from a febrile reaction, and, in rare cases [[Hypocalcaemia|hypocalcaemia]], excessive fluoride ingestion and nutritional deficiencies. There have been case reports of dysplasia associated with [[:Category: Kidney - Developmental Pathology|congenital renal disease]].

* Dilacerated roots (misshapen roots)

* Dilacerated roots (misshapen roots)

[[Category:Developmental Dental Conditions]]

[[Category:Developmental Dental Conditions]]