Changes

'''''Amelogenesis imperfecta''''' - A term often incorrectly used in veterinary dentistry to mean any condition resulting in enamel dysplasia. ''Amelogenesis imperfecta'' is a hereditary condition of humans in which the genes that encode for enamel proteins (amelogenin, enamelin and others) are mutated. Most cases are inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait. The condition affects both the primary and secondary dentition. One study of enamel defects in standard poodles in Sweden confirmed histologically that ''Amelogenesis imperfecta'' is a common cause of discoloured teeth in standard poodles <font color="red">(Mannerfelt, 2009)</font color>. This report is the first report to describe the condition in dogs.

'''''Amelogenesis imperfecta''''' - A term often incorrectly used in veterinary dentistry to mean any condition resulting in enamel dysplasia. ''Amelogenesis imperfecta'' is a hereditary condition of humans in which the genes that encode for enamel proteins (amelogenin, enamelin and others) are mutated. Most cases are inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait. The condition affects both the primary and secondary dentition. One study of enamel defects in standard poodles in Sweden confirmed histologically that ''Amelogenesis imperfecta'' is a common cause of discoloured teeth in standard poodles <font color="red">(Mannerfelt, 2009)</font color>. This report is the first report to describe the condition in dogs.

==Clinical Significance==

====Clinical Significance====

Enamel forms the outer covering of the tooth and forms an impermeable barrier protecting the underlying tooth components. If enamel is poorly formed or missing completely the underlying dentine is exposed, resulting in sensitivity and severe pain in some cases. The sensitivity is caused by changes in the hydrostatic pressure in the dentinal tubules which contain odontoblast processes which trigger a pain pathway. In mild cases, the pulp will often respond to the stimulation by laying down more dentine, reparative (tertiary) dentine, which obliterates the dentinal tubule space. In severe cases of dysplasia, the pulp can become chronically inflamed and undergo irreversible pulpitis as a result of bacterial ingression through the exposed dentinal tubules; periapical disease then develops. <font color="red">Pic13-enamel dysplasiaRad</font color>  

Enamel forms the outer covering of the tooth and forms an impermeable barrier protecting the underlying tooth components. If enamel is poorly formed or missing completely the underlying dentine is exposed, resulting in sensitivity and severe pain in some cases. The sensitivity is caused by changes in the hydrostatic pressure in the dentinal tubules which contain odontoblast processes which trigger a pain pathway. In mild cases, the pulp will often respond to the stimulation by laying down more dentine, reparative (tertiary) dentine, which obliterates the dentinal tubule space. In severe cases of dysplasia, the pulp can become chronically inflamed and undergo irreversible pulpitis as a result of bacterial ingression through the exposed dentinal tubules; periapical disease then develops. <font color="red">Pic13-enamel dysplasiaRad</font color>