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Placenta Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 11:56, 3 July 2008
, 11:56, 3 July 2008no edit summary
<big><center>[[Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
<big><center>[[Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
<big><center>[[Reproductive System|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
The Placenta t
|+ ''Hormones of the Testes''
|+ ''Hormones of the Testes''
!Hormone
!Hormone
!Regulation
!Production and Regulation
!Action
!Action
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|-
|<font color=Purple>Prostaglandin F2a</font>
|<font color=Purple>Prostaglandin F2a</font>
| -
|Produced towards the end of pregnancy in increasing amounts to allow for parturition.
|Causes luteolysis.
|Causes luteolysis and promotes uterine contractions.
|-
|-
|<font color=Purple>Progesterone</font>
|<font color=Purple>Progesterone</font>
|Sertoli Cells
|The Placenta takes over Progesterone production from the Corpus Luteum to maintain the pregnancy.
|Maintains the pregnancy by thickening the cervix, depressing the maternal immune response and preventing ovulation. It also promotes mammary growth.
|Prevents secretion of further FSH from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]].
|-
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|<font color=Purple>Oestrogen<font>
|<font color=Purple>Oestrogen<font>
|Sertoli Cells
|Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows.
|GnRH from the [[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]] causes FSH secretion from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]] which stimulates the Sertoli Cells.
|Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|pituitary gland]].
|Converted from testosterone, this hormone's function is complex. It may prevent apoptosis of male germ cells.
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|<font color=Purple>Placental Lactogen<font>
|This is related to [[Lactation - Endocrine Control - Anatomy & Physiology|Prolactin]] and [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Growth Hormone - Anatomy & Physiology|Growth hormone]], and is produced by the placenta and uterus.
|Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents.
|-
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|<font color=Purple>Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG)<font>
|<font color=Purple>Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG)<font>
|Sertoli Cells
|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells, and is actually the same molecule as equine LH.
|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in equids.
|Converted from testosterone, this hormone's function is complex. It may prevent apoptosis of male germ cells.
|-
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|<font color=Purple>hCG<font>
|<font color=Purple>Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)<font>
|Sertoli Cells
|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells.
|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in primates.
|Converted from testosterone, this hormone's function is complex. It may prevent apoptosis of male germ cells.
|}
|}