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Bone Response to Damage (view source)

Revision as of 10:23, 18 July 2008

724 bytes removed , 10:23, 18 July 2008

→‎Periosteum and blood supply

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~~===Periosteum and blood supply===~~

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*'''Periosteum'''

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**Specialised sheath of connective tissue covering bone except at the articular surfaces

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**Loosely attached except at tendon insertions and boney prominences (associated with major blood vessels penetrating bone)

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**Histologically:

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***Outer layer - fibrous for support

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***Inner layer - osteogenic

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****Contains osteoblasts and osteoprogenitor stem cells in young animals and in adults with fractures or disease

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**Rich supply of nerves and lymph vessels

**Damage to periosteum:

***Invokes a hyperplastic reaction of the inner layer

***Is painful

***Exostoses can remodel or remain

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**Lifting of periosteum:

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**Lifting of periosteum causes new bone formation below

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***Causes new bone formation below

**Circumferential incision (e.g. during [[Bones - fractures|fracture]])

***Longitudinal bone growth results

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****Used by surgeons to treat [[Bones - developmental#Angular limb deformity|angular limb deformities]]

*'''Blood vessels'''

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**Nutrient, metaphyseal, periosteal arteries

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**Normal flow of blood from medulla to periosteum due to higher pressures in medulla

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**Young animals have greater blood supply

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*'''Endosteum''' lines the marrow cavity

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===Bone development===

Bepocock

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