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Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)

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*Functional units are the '''islets of Langerhans''', which are embedded throughout the exocrine tissue.

*Cells of the islets produce hormones that maintain normoglycaemia.

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*There are ''four'' different cell types within the islets of Langerhans that each produce different hormones.

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**α cells produce glucagon. Typically located at the periphery of the islet. Not present in all islets.

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**β cells produce insulin. The predominant cell type.

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**δ cells produce somatostatin. Low numbers in all islets.

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**F cells produce pancreatic polypeptide

*Glucagon raises the blood glucose level.

*Insulin decreses the blood glucose level.

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