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Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards (view source)

Revision as of 10:32, 25 July 2008

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*'''''270'''''
 
*'''''270'''''
 
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Development|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Development|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Where is the myenteric plexus?'''
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*'''''Between the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers of the tunica muscularis'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Structure|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''What are the functions of the small intestine?'''
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*'''''Mixing, transportation, digestion and absorption'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Function|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Name the two types of muscle contraction in the small intestine.'''
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*'''''Segemental and peristaltic'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#To mix content and transport chyme|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''What is the migrating myoelectric complex?'''
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*'''''The peristaltic wave of contraction moves from the duodenum to the ileum'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#To mix content and transport chyme|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|<big>'''What is the main structural difference between amylopectin and glycogen?'''
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*'''''Both have α1-4 and α1-6 glycosidic bonds but glycogen has more α1-6 links, with shorter side chains'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''What are the products of α-amylase digestion?'''
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*'''''Di-, tri-, and oligo-saccharides'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Describe the mechanism of glucose absorption.'''
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*'''''Na+/K+ pumps pump Na+ into the lumen. Na+ diffuses back into the enterocyte through a SGLT-1 symport which releases energy. Energy is used to transport glucose into the enterocyte up its concentration gradient.'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Which GLUT allows glucose to diffuse from the enterocyte to the blood?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''GLUT 5'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Where does TAG digestion begin and with which enzyme?'''
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*'''''Oral cavity with lingual lipase'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''What are the functions of bile?'''
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*'''''(i) emulsifies fat (ii) creates an interface for pancreatic lipase to digest water insoluble fat'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''What positions can pancreatic lipase remove fatty acids from glycerol?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''1 and 3'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''What is the rate limiting step in TAG digestion?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Isomerase reaction'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''How do TAG leave the enterocyte?'''
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*'''''In chylomicrons through lacteals into the lymph'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Where does protein digestion begin and with which enzyme?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Stomach, with pepsin'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Name three endopeptidases present in the small intestine.'''
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*'''''Trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Where are carboxypeptidases produced?'''
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*'''''In the pancreas, as zymogens'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''How are di-, tri-, and oligo-peptides absorbed?'''
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*'''''γ Glutamyl cycle'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein Digestion and Absorption|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|-
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|<big>'''Where effect does parasympathetic innervation have in the small intestine?'''
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*'''''Increased motility and secretion'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Regulation & Control|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|<big>'''Where are Brunner's glands located?'''
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*'''''Submucosa of duodenum'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Histology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|<big>'''Name three cell types present in the muscosal crypts'''
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*'''''(i)Goblet (ii)Entero-endocrine (iii) Paneth'''''
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||[[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology#Histology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
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Shamilton
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