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Pelvis - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 12:24, 25 July 2008
, 12:24, 25 July 2008no edit summary
<big><center>[[Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
<big><center>[[Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
==Pelvic Girdle==
*Two symmetrical halves: hip bones ('''ossa cosarum''') meet at pelvic symphysis ventrally and articulate with sacrum dorsally
*Hip Bones:
**Three bones develop from separate ossifications within a single cartilage plate
**'''Ilium''': craniodorsal, extends obliquely forward from hip to articulate with sacrum
***Cranial wing varies between species
***Dorsally, forms '''sacral tuber''' more prominent in large animals than dogs and cats
***Ventrally, forms '''tuber coxae''', or the point of the hip
***Margin of the wing is known as the '''iliac crest'''
***Body is deeply excavated for attachment of the gluteus medius
***'''Greater Sciatic Notch''' on dorsal border of the wing is cut away at its junction with the shaft to allow the sciatic nerve passage en route to the hind limb
**'''Pubis''': extends medially from the joint to form cranial pelvic floor
***L-shaped to give two branches: cranial (acetabular) and caudal (symphysial)
**'''Ischium''': caudal, forms most of pelvic floor
***'''Ischial tuberosity''' is formed by the caudolateral corner of the horizontal plate of the ischium
**The '''Pelvic Symphysis''' comprises both pubis and ischium
**The '''Acetabulum"" provides the socket to the joint of the hip, and is comprised of all three bones of the pelvis
*Species differences:
**Larger species have a more vertical ilium, bringing the sacroiliac joint (and with it the weight of the trunk) closer to the hip
**Smaller species have an oblique ilium
==Pelvic Joints==