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Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 13:56, 30 July 2008
, 13:56, 30 July 2008→Foramen and Canals
===Mandible (mandibula)===
===Mandible (mandibula)===
==Foramen and Canals==
==Major Foramen and Canals==
*Jugular Foramen
*Jugular Foramen
**Located either side of basilar part of occipital bone
**Located either side of basilar part of occipital bone
**Adjacent to tympanic bulla
**Adjacent to tympanic bulla
**Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X) and accessory nerve (CN XI)
**Internal carotid artery
*Foramen Magnum
*Foramen Magnum
**Formed by occipital bones
**Formed by occipital bones
**Spinal cord's passage to the neck and body
**Alar ligaments run through
**Vertebral arteries run through
**Spinal arteries run through
**Tectoral membranes run through
*Hypoglossal Canal
*Hypoglossal Canal
**Between paracondylar and condylar processes on lateral part of occipital bone
**Between paracondylar and condylar processes on lateral part of occipital bone
**Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
**Condylar artery and vein
*Optic Chiasma
*Optic Chiasma
**Runs in transverse depression behind sphenoid rostrum on presphenoid bone
**Runs in transverse depression behind sphenoid rostrum on presphenoid bone
**Path of the optic nerve (CN II)
*Optic Canal
*Optic Canal
**Ends from optic chiasma over wings of the presphenoid bones
**Ends from optic chiasma over wings of the presphenoid bones
**Optic nerve (CN II)
*Oval Foramen
*Oval Foramen
**Caudal wing of the basisphenoid bones
**Caudal wing of the basisphenoid bones
**Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
*Alar Canal
*Alar Canal
**Rostral border of the basisphenoid bone at the base of the pterygoid processes
**Rostral border of the basisphenoid bone at the base of the pterygoid processes
**Composed of the caudal alar foramen, rostral alar foramen and the small alar foramen
*Internal Acoustic Meatus
**Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V2)
**Medial surface of the petrosal part of the temporal bone
**Temporal artery
*Stylomastoid Foramen
*Stylomastoid Foramen
**Situated on the petrosal part of the temporal bone
**Situated on the petrosal part of the temporal bone
**Facial nerve (CN VII)
*Ethmoidal Foramen
*Ethmoidal Foramen
**Perforate the orbital part of the frontal bone
**Perforate the orbital part of the frontal bone
**Olfactory nerve (CN I)
**Ethmoidal artery and vein
*Palatine Canal
*Palatine Canal
**Palatine vein
**Palatine vein
**Palatine nerves
**Palatine nerves
*Internal Acoustic Meatus
**Medial surface of the petrosal part of the temporal bone
**Facial opening for the facial nerve (CN VII)
**Cochlear opening, dorsal vestibule opening and the ventral vestibule opening for the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
==Species Differences==
==Species Differences==