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Neoplasia of the bladder is most commmon in dogs, cats and cattle.
===Benign tumours===
===Leiomyoma===
*Occur in the smooth muscle of the bladder wall.
*May be single or multiple, well defined white nodular projections.
*If situated at the neck of the bladder, they can disrupt urinary flow.
===Papilloma===
*Bladder papillomas are uncommon.
*Will often recur following excision.
*Can lead to carcinomas.
===Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma===
*Occurs in the bladder and less commonly the urethra of large breed dogs less than 18 months of age.
*Embryonic myoblasts may be the origin.
*Appears as a large fungating mass, usually at the trigone of the bladder.
*Highly infiltrative and metastatic.
===[[LUT Vascular - Pathology#Haemorrhages|Bovine enzootic haematuria]]===
==Malignant tumours==
===Transitional cell carcinoma===
*Most relevant in dogs and cats.
*Spreads along and through the bladder wall.
*Destroys the epithelium and invades the muscle layers.
*Metastasis to regional nodes and the lungs occurs in approximately 50% of cases.
**Can also spread to the peritoneum or in a retrograde manner to the soft tissue and bone of the hindlimbs.
===[[LUT Vascular - Pathology#Haemorrhages|Bovine enzootic haematuria]]===