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Bovine Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 10:58, 26 August 2008
, 10:58, 26 August 2008→Extrinsic Musculature
'''''Brachiocephalic m.''''': Accessory n.
'''''Brachiocephalic m.''''': Accessory n.
*Two parts separated by the clavicle where it exists
*Two parts separated by the clavicle where it exists
*Origin: clavicle or vestigial fibrous intersection
*Origin: occipital bone, nuchal ligament, mastoid process
*Insertion: several places on the head and neck
*Insertion: deltoid tuberosity and fascia of limb
*Actions:
*Actions:
**advances the limb and extends the shoulder joint when limb is in motion
**advances the limb and extends the shoulder joint when limb is in motion
'''''Omotransversarius''''': Accessory n.
'''''Omotransversarius''''': Accessory n.
*Origin: transverse processes of the atlas
*Origin: transverse processes of the atlas
*Insertion: acromion and adjacent scapula
*Insertion: acromion and spine of scapula
*Action: advancing the limb
*Action: advancing the limb
*Innervation
*Innervation
'''''Pectoral mm.''''': brachial plexus
'''''Pectoral mm.''''': brachial plexus
*Two superficial parts, cranial and caudal
*Two superficial parts, cranial and caudal, these aren't very distinct in the ox
**Origin: cranial sternum
**Origin: cranial sternum
**Insertion:
**Insertion:
**caudal portion can advance the limb
**caudal portion can advance the limb
'''''Rhomboids''''': brachial plexus, although in some species, dorsal spinal nerves can innervate
'''''Rhomboids''''': brachial plexus,
*Origin: median connective tissue from poll to withers, lying deep to the trapezius
*Origin: nuchal ligament
*Insertion: dorsal border and adjacent scapula
*Insertion: dorsal border and adjacent scapula
*Action: retracting the limb, may also raise limb
*Action: retracting the limb, may also raise limb