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Complement Flashcards (view source)
Revision as of 15:22, 5 September 2008
, 15:22, 5 September 2008New page: {{toplink |backcolour = FFE4E1 |linkpage =Complement - WikiBlood |linktext =COMPLEMENT |sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBlood |subtext1 =WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS |pagetype =Blood }} ==<font color...
{{toplink
|backcolour = FFE4E1
|linkpage =Complement - WikiBlood
|linktext =COMPLEMENT
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBlood
|subtext1 =WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS
|pagetype =Blood
}}
==<font color="purple">Complement Fixation Pathways</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the names of the different pathways of the complement cascade?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Classical'''''
*'''''Alternative'''''
*'''''Mannose-binding Lectin'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which immunoglobulins can activate the classical pathway?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''IgM'''''
*'''''IgG'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the components of the C1 complex'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''C1q'''''
*'''''C1r'''''
*'''''C1s'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which two complexes bind to make the enzyme C3 convertase?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''C2b'''''
*'''''C4b'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What initiates the membrane attack complex (MAC)?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''C3b'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What functions do the Ca fragments have?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Chemotactic for neutrophils'''''
*'''''Induces acute inflammation'''''
*'''''Increases vascular permeability'''''
*'''''Causes mast cell and basophil degranulation'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are efficient activators of the alternative pathway?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Gram-negative bacteria'''''
*'''''Yeasts'''''
*'''''Fungi'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the main functions of the alternative pathway?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''To coat bacteria with iC3b'''''
*'''''To induce an acute inflammatory response'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are lectins?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Proteins which bind carbohydrates'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What does MASP stand for?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Mannose-binding lectin associated proteases'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
<br>
<br>
==<font color="purple">Complement Inhibitors</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''Which complement inhibitor exorts control over the classical pathway and how does it function?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Delay acclerating factor (DAF)'''''
**'''''Increases the degredation of C1 esterase'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What do factors I and H do?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Breaks down C3b'''''
*'''''Controls positive feedback by inhibiting C3b¯Bb'''''
*'''''Prevents the complement cascade from running to exhaustion every time it is activated'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which complement inhibitor binds inflammatory immune complexes in the plasma, transporting them to the liver for phagocytosis?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Complement receptor 1 (CR1)'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What does CD59 do?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Prevents cell lysis and pore formation'''''
*'''''It is a protective mechanism for cells'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
<br>
<br>
==<font color="purple">Functions of the Complement Cascade</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the stages of opsonisation?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''The complement system deposits a shell of protein on the bacterial cell surface, e.g. complement fragments'''''
*'''''Complement fragments released are chemotactic for phagocytes'''''
*'''''iC3b acts as a target for phagocytosis'''''
*'''''Phagocytes bind with the complement fragments destroying the bacteria'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What role do complement fragments have to promote inflammation?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Smaller complement fragments attract granulocytes to the site of inflammation'''''
*'''''Smaller complement fragments stimulate the degranulation of granulocytes'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''By which process can C5-C9 directly kill pathogens?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Cell lysis'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
<br>
<br>
|backcolour = FFE4E1
|linkpage =Complement - WikiBlood
|linktext =COMPLEMENT
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBlood
|subtext1 =WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS
|pagetype =Blood
}}
==<font color="purple">Complement Fixation Pathways</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the names of the different pathways of the complement cascade?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Classical'''''
*'''''Alternative'''''
*'''''Mannose-binding Lectin'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which immunoglobulins can activate the classical pathway?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''IgM'''''
*'''''IgG'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the components of the C1 complex'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''C1q'''''
*'''''C1r'''''
*'''''C1s'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which two complexes bind to make the enzyme C3 convertase?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''C2b'''''
*'''''C4b'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What initiates the membrane attack complex (MAC)?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''C3b'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What functions do the Ca fragments have?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Chemotactic for neutrophils'''''
*'''''Induces acute inflammation'''''
*'''''Increases vascular permeability'''''
*'''''Causes mast cell and basophil degranulation'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are efficient activators of the alternative pathway?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Gram-negative bacteria'''''
*'''''Yeasts'''''
*'''''Fungi'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the main functions of the alternative pathway?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''To coat bacteria with iC3b'''''
*'''''To induce an acute inflammatory response'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are lectins?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Proteins which bind carbohydrates'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What does MASP stand for?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Mannose-binding lectin associated proteases'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
<br>
<br>
==<font color="purple">Complement Inhibitors</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''Which complement inhibitor exorts control over the classical pathway and how does it function?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Delay acclerating factor (DAF)'''''
**'''''Increases the degredation of C1 esterase'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What do factors I and H do?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Breaks down C3b'''''
*'''''Controls positive feedback by inhibiting C3b¯Bb'''''
*'''''Prevents the complement cascade from running to exhaustion every time it is activated'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which complement inhibitor binds inflammatory immune complexes in the plasma, transporting them to the liver for phagocytosis?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Complement receptor 1 (CR1)'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What does CD59 do?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Prevents cell lysis and pore formation'''''
*'''''It is a protective mechanism for cells'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
<br>
<br>
==<font color="purple">Functions of the Complement Cascade</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the stages of opsonisation?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''The complement system deposits a shell of protein on the bacterial cell surface, e.g. complement fragments'''''
*'''''Complement fragments released are chemotactic for phagocytes'''''
*'''''iC3b acts as a target for phagocytosis'''''
*'''''Phagocytes bind with the complement fragments destroying the bacteria'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What role do complement fragments have to promote inflammation?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Smaller complement fragments attract granulocytes to the site of inflammation'''''
*'''''Smaller complement fragments stimulate the degranulation of granulocytes'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''By which process can C5-C9 directly kill pathogens?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Cell lysis'''''
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
<br>
<br>