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Complement Flashcards (view source)

Revision as of 11:14, 20 February 2010

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{{toplink
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|backcolour = FFE4E1
   
|linkpage =Complement - WikiBlood
 
|linkpage =Complement - WikiBlood
 
|linktext =COMPLEMENT
 
|linktext =COMPLEMENT
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|pagetype =Blood
 
|pagetype =Blood
 
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===Complement Fixation Pathways===
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==<font color="purple">Complement Fixation Pathways</font>==
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<FlashCard questions="10">
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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|q1=What are the names of the different pathways of the complement cascade?
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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|a1=
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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*Classical
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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*Alternative
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|-
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*Mannose-binding Lectin
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|<big>'''What are the names of the different pathways of the complement cascade?'''
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|l1=Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|q2=Which immunoglobulins can activate the classical pathway?
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*'''''Classical'''''
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|a2=
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*'''''Alternative'''''
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*IgM
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*'''''Mannose-binding Lectin'''''
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*IgG
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l2=Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways
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|-
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|q3=What are the components of the C1 complex
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|<big>'''Which immunoglobulins can activate the classical pathway?'''
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|a3=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*C1q
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*'''''IgM'''''
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*C1r
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*'''''IgG'''''
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*C1s
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l3=Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways
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|-
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|q4=Which two complexes bind to make the enzyme C3 convertase?
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|<big>'''What are the components of the C1 complex'''
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|a4=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*C2b
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*'''''C1q'''''
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*C4b
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*'''''C1r'''''
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|l4=Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways
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*'''''C1s'''''
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|q5=What initiates the membrane attack complex (MAC)?
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|a5=C3b
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|-
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|l5=Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways
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|<big>'''Which two complexes bind to make the enzyme C3 convertase?'''
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|q6=What functions do the Ca fragments have?
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|a6=
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*'''''C2b'''''
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*Chemotactic for neutrophils
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*'''''C4b'''''
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*Induces acute inflammation
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Increases vascular permeability
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|-
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*Causes mast cell and basophil degranulation
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|<big>'''What initiates the membrane attack complex (MAC)?'''
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|l6=Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|q7=What are efficient activators of the alternative pathway?
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*'''''C3b'''''
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|a7=
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Gram-negative bacteria
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|-
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*Yeasts
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|<big>'''What functions do the Ca fragments have?'''
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*Fungi
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l7=Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway
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*'''''Chemotactic for neutrophils'''''
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|q8=What are the main functions of the alternative pathway?
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*'''''Induces acute inflammation'''''
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|a8=
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*'''''Increases vascular permeability'''''
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*To coat bacteria with iC3b
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*'''''Causes mast cell and basophil degranulation'''''
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*To induce an acute inflammatory response
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Compelment Fixation Pathways|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l8=Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway
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|-
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|q9=What are lectins?
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|<big>'''What are efficient activators of the alternative pathway?'''
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|a9=Proteins which bind carbohydrates
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l9=Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway
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*'''''Gram-negative bacteria'''''
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|q10=What does MASP stand for?
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*'''''Yeasts'''''
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|a10=Mannose-binding lectin associated proteases
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*'''''Fungi'''''
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|l10=Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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</FlashCard>
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|-
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===Complement Inhibitors===
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|<big>'''What are the main functions of the alternative pathway?'''
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<FlashCard questions="4">
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|q1=Which complement inhibitor exorts control over the classical pathway and how does it function?
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*'''''To coat bacteria with iC3b'''''
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|a1=
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*'''''To induce an acute inflammatory response'''''
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*Delay acclerating factor (DAF)
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Alternative Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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**Increases the degredation of C1 esterase
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|-
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|l1=Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors
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|<big>'''What are lectins?'''
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|q2=What do factors I and H do?
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|a2=
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*'''''Proteins which bind carbohydrates'''''
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*Breaks down C3b
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Controls positive feedback by inhibiting C3b¯Bb
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|-
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*Prevents the complement cascade from running to exhaustion every time it is activated
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|<big>'''What does MASP stand for?'''
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|l2=Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|q3=Which complement inhibitor binds inflammatory immune complexes in the plasma, transporting them to the liver for phagocytosis?
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*'''''Mannose-binding lectin associated proteases'''''
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|a3=Complement receptor 1 (CR1)
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#MB-Lectin Pathway|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l3=Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors
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|}
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|q4=What does CD59 do?
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<br>
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|a4=
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<br>
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*Prevents cell lysis and pore formation
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==<font color="purple">Complement Inhibitors</font>==
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*It is a protective mechanism for cells
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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|l4=Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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</FlashCard>
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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===Functions of the Complement Cascade===
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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<FlashCard questions="3">
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|-
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|q1=What are the stages of opsonisation?
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|<big>'''Which complement inhibitor exorts control over the classical pathway and how does it function?'''
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|a1=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*The complement system deposits a shell of protein on the bacterial cell surface, e.g. complement fragments
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*'''''Delay acclerating factor (DAF)'''''
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*Complement fragments released are chemotactic for phagocytes
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**'''''Increases the degredation of C1 esterase'''''
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*iC3b acts as a target for phagocytosis
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Phagocytes bind with the complement fragments destroying the bacteria
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|-
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|l1=Complement - WikiBlood#Functions
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|<big>'''What do factors I and H do?'''
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|q2=What role do complement fragments have to promote inflammation?
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|a2=
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*'''''Breaks down C3b'''''
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*Smaller complement fragments attract granulocytes to the site of inflammation
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*'''''Controls positive feedback by inhibiting C3b¯Bb'''''
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*Smaller complement fragments stimulate the degranulation of granulocytes
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*'''''Prevents the complement cascade from running to exhaustion every time it is activated'''''
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|l2=Complement - WikiBlood#Functions
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|q3=By which process can C5-C9 directly kill pathogens?
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|-
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|a3=Cell lysis
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|<big>'''Which complement inhibitor binds inflammatory immune complexes in the plasma, transporting them to the liver for phagocytosis?'''
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|l3=Complement - WikiBlood#Functions
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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</FlashCard>
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*'''''Complement receptor 1 (CR1)'''''
  −
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''What does CD59 do?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Prevents cell lysis and pore formation'''''
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*'''''It is a protective mechanism for cells'''''
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Complement Inhibitors|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|}
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<br>
  −
<br>
  −
 
  −
==<font color="purple">Functions of the Complement Cascade</font>==
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
  −
!width="400"|'''Question'''
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
  −
!width="150"|'''Article'''
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|-
  −
|<big>'''What are the stages of opsonisation?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''The complement system deposits a shell of protein on the bacterial cell surface, e.g. complement fragments'''''
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*'''''Complement fragments released are chemotactic for phagocytes'''''
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*'''''iC3b acts as a target for phagocytosis'''''
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*'''''Phagocytes bind with the complement fragments destroying the bacteria'''''
  −
||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''What role do complement fragments have to promote inflammation?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''Smaller complement fragments attract granulocytes to the site of inflammation'''''
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*'''''Smaller complement fragments stimulate the degranulation of granulocytes'''''
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''By which process can C5-C9 directly kill pathogens?'''
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*'''''Cell lysis'''''
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||[[Complement - WikiBlood#Functions|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|}
  −
<br>
  −
<br>
 
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