Changes

===Loop Diuretics===  

===Loop Diuretics===  

Loop diuretics as the name suggests work on the loop of henle.  Specifically on the [[Loop Of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Thick ascending limb|thick ascending limb]] where they inhibit the activity of the sodium/potassium/2-chloride symporter.  As a result the hypertonicity of the medulla decreases and therefore water uptake from the loop of henle also decreases.  Increased amounts of all three ions are lost as a result.   

Loop diuretics as the name suggests work on the loop of henle.  Specifically on the [[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Thick ascending limb|thick ascending limb]] where they inhibit the activity of the sodium/potassium/2-chloride symporter.  As a result the hypertonicity of the medulla decreases and therefore water uptake from the loop of henle also decreases.  Increased amounts of all three ions are lost as a result.   

As well as reducing the reuptake of water they also increase renal blood flow via [[The Effects of Nitrous Oxide and Prostaglandins on GFR#Prostaglandins|prostaglandin mediated vasodilation]].  This increases filtration to help lessen fluid retention.

As well as reducing the reuptake of water they also increase renal blood flow via [[The Effects of Nitrous Oxide and Prostaglandins on GFR#Prostaglandins|prostaglandin mediated vasodilation]].  This increases filtration to help lessen fluid retention.

===Osmotic Diuretics===

===Osmotic Diuretics===

These are compounds which are filtered but not reabsorbed.  They increase the osmolarity of the fluid and therefore hold more water in the tubules.  However they require intravenous administration.  They mainly act on sites freely permeable to water - [[Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology |the proximal tubule]], [[Loop Of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Thin descending limb|the descending limb of the loop of henle]] and [[Collecting Duct  - Anatomy & Physiology |the collecting ducts]].  However they also reduce the sodium uptake as relatively sodium concentration drops in the lumen when they are present.

These are compounds which are filtered but not reabsorbed.  They increase the osmolarity of the fluid and therefore hold more water in the tubules.  However they require intravenous administration.  They mainly act on sites freely permeable to water - [[Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology |the proximal tubule]], [[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Thin descending limb|the descending limb of the loop of henle]] and [[Collecting Duct  - Anatomy & Physiology |the collecting ducts]].  However they also reduce the sodium uptake as relatively sodium concentration drops in the lumen when they are present.