Changes

*'''Sweat glands'''

*'''Sweat glands'''

Sweat is considered to be the product of [[General Pathology - Necrosis#Apoptosis|apoptosis]] releasing cell contents into the gland lumen, together with secretion where exocytosis, microapocrine blebbing, transcellular and perhaps paracellular processes involved in varying degrees.  Sweat is composed of secretions and cellular debris and includes inorganic ions, water, immunoglobulins, amino acids and waste products including urea and lactic acid.  Equine sweat is rich in proteins including glycoproteins, albumin and gammaglobulins, which cause the sweat to froth and the horse is said to "lather up".

Sweat is considered to be the product of [[Necrosis - Pathology#Apoptosis|apoptosis]] releasing cell contents into the gland lumen, together with secretion where exocytosis, microapocrine blebbing, transcellular and perhaps paracellular processes involved in varying degrees.  Sweat is composed of secretions and cellular debris and includes inorganic ions, water, immunoglobulins, amino acids and waste products including urea and lactic acid.  Equine sweat is rich in proteins including glycoproteins, albumin and gammaglobulins, which cause the sweat to froth and the horse is said to "lather up".

Sweat is degraded by bacteria leading to odour.  Dogs and cats produce very little sweat and use panting to lower body temperature.

Sweat is degraded by bacteria leading to odour.  Dogs and cats produce very little sweat and use panting to lower body temperature.

*'''Sebaceous glands'''

*'''Sebaceous glands'''

One or more sebaceous glands surround each '''hair follicle''' at a point about 1/3 of its length beneath the skin's surface.  Each gland is composed of numerous ''acini'' attached to a common '''excretory duct''' through which they discharge their secretions ('''sebum''') onto the hair shaft and epidermis.  In the skin and eyelids such glands release the cell contents together with secretory products with holocrine secretion.  This secretion involves [[General Pathology - Necrosis#Apoptosis|apoptosis]] in which the secretory products and cell debris are released into the gland lumen.  The secretory products vary from species to species and include various fatty acids, diglycerides, cholesterol, diesters, wax esters and giant-ring lactones.

One or more sebaceous glands surround each '''hair follicle''' at a point about 1/3 of its length beneath the skin's surface.  Each gland is composed of numerous ''acini'' attached to a common '''excretory duct''' through which they discharge their secretions ('''sebum''') onto the hair shaft and epidermis.  In the skin and eyelids such glands release the cell contents together with secretory products with holocrine secretion.  This secretion involves [[Necrosis - Pathology#Apoptosis|apoptosis]] in which the secretory products and cell debris are released into the gland lumen.  The secretory products vary from species to species and include various fatty acids, diglycerides, cholesterol, diesters, wax esters and giant-ring lactones.

The function of sebum is that of an emolient of the hair and skin, preventing excessive dryness.  It may combine with '''sweat''' to form an emulsion within the stratum corneum and a form of cement around the hair pores preventing bacterial invasion of the epidermis.  Sebum is also released from the glands during piloerection, as the action of the [[Hair - Anatomy & Physiology#Hair Types|arrector pili]] muscle squeezes the gland as it raises the hair.

The function of sebum is that of an emolient of the hair and skin, preventing excessive dryness.  It may combine with '''sweat''' to form an emulsion within the stratum corneum and a form of cement around the hair pores preventing bacterial invasion of the epidermis.  Sebum is also released from the glands during piloerection, as the action of the [[Hair - Anatomy & Physiology#Hair Types|arrector pili]] muscle squeezes the gland as it raises the hair.