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==Description==
 
==Description==
Peritonitis is defined as the inflammation of the peritoneum.  Peritonitis can be septic or non-septic.  Septic peritonitis results from free bacteria in the peritoneal cavity, caused by perforating injuries to the gastrointestnal tract due to foreign bodies, necrosis secondary to obstruction or intussusception.  Non-septic, also known as chemical peritonitis, may be the result of leakage of bile, urine or pancreatic enzymes.  However, non-septic peritonitis can cause septic peritonitis, for example cases where septic urine is present.
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'''Peritonitis''' is defined as the inflammation of the peritoneum, which can be septic or non-septic.  Septic peritonitis results from free bacteria in the peritoneal cavity, caused by perforating injuries to the gastrointestnal tract due to foreign bodies, necrosis secondary to obstruction or intussusception.  Non-septic, also known as chemical peritonitis, may be the result of leakage of bile, urine or pancreatic enzymes.  However, non-septic peritonitis can cause septic peritonitis, for example cases where septic urine is present.
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Peritonitis is a multifactorial disease and the consequence if fatal in most cases.
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===Fluid therapy===
 
===Fluid therapy===
 
*Aggressive fluid therapy with crystalloid and colloid should be given on initial presentation to improve haemodynamic parameter.
 
*Aggressive fluid therapy with crystalloid and colloid should be given on initial presentation to improve haemodynamic parameter.
*Fluid therapy is also very important in the postoperative period.
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*Fluid therapy is also very important in the postoperative period.  Both crystalloid and colloid should be continued until the the patient is normotensive.  However, if hypotension continues, a vasopressor such as vasopressin should be considered.
    
===Analgesia===
 
===Analgesia===
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===Antimicrobial===
 
===Antimicrobial===
 
*Broad spectrum antibiotics should be given, preferably following culture and sensitivity test.
 
*Broad spectrum antibiotics should be given, preferably following culture and sensitivity test.
         
==Prognosis==
 
==Prognosis==
 
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Guarded.  A rapid diagnosis and treatment improves the prognosis.
     
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