Changes

==Description==

==Description==

Peritonitis is defined as the inflammation of the peritoneum.  Peritonitis can be septic or non-septic.  Septic peritonitis results from free bacteria in the peritoneal cavity, caused by perforating injuries to the gastrointestnal tract due to foreign bodies, necrosis secondary to obstruction or intussusception.  Non-septic, also known as chemical peritonitis, may be the result of leakage of bile, urine or pancreatic enzymes.  However, non-septic peritonitis can cause septic peritonitis, for example cases where septic urine is present.

'''Peritonitis''' is defined as the inflammation of the peritoneum, which can be septic or non-septic.  Septic peritonitis results from free bacteria in the peritoneal cavity, caused by perforating injuries to the gastrointestnal tract due to foreign bodies, necrosis secondary to obstruction or intussusception.  Non-septic, also known as chemical peritonitis, may be the result of leakage of bile, urine or pancreatic enzymes.  However, non-septic peritonitis can cause septic peritonitis, for example cases where septic urine is present.

 

Peritonitis is a multifactorial disease and the consequence if fatal in most cases.

===Fluid therapy===

===Fluid therapy===

*Aggressive fluid therapy with crystalloid and colloid should be given on initial presentation to improve haemodynamic parameter.

*Aggressive fluid therapy with crystalloid and colloid should be given on initial presentation to improve haemodynamic parameter.

*Fluid therapy is also very important in the postoperative period.

*Fluid therapy is also very important in the postoperative period.  Both crystalloid and colloid should be continued until the the patient is normotensive.  However, if hypotension continues, a vasopressor such as vasopressin should be considered.

===Analgesia===

===Analgesia===

===Antimicrobial===

===Antimicrobial===

*Broad spectrum antibiotics should be given, preferably following culture and sensitivity test.

*Broad spectrum antibiotics should be given, preferably following culture and sensitivity test.

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==