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→Diagnosis
*anorexia, lethargy and depression
*anorexia, lethargy and depression
*weight loss
*weight loss
*vomiting and diarrhoea
*[[Stomach and Abomasum Consequences of Gastric Disease - Pathology|vomiting]] and [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]]
*polyuria and polydipsia
*polyuria and polydipsia
*ascites - most consistent in dogs with cirrhosis
*ascites - most consistent in dogs with [[Liver General Pathology - Pathology#Cirrhosis|cirrhosis]]
*and rarely icterus, seizures, fever and bleeding diathesis
*and rarely [[Liver General Pathology - Pathology#Jaundice (Icterus)|icterus]], seizures, fever and bleeding diathesis
===Laboratory tests===
===Laboratory tests===
====Haematology====
====Haematology====
*Mild non-regenerative anaemia and microcytosis
*Mild non-regenerative anaemia and microcytosis
====Biochemistry====
====Biochemistry====
*Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). However these may not be increased if end-stage cirrhosis is reached.
*Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). However these may not be increased if end-stage [[Liver General Pathology - Pathology#Cirrhosis|cirrhosis]] is reached.
*Hyperbilirubinaemia
*Hyperbilirubinaemia
*Hypoalbuminaemia
*Hypoalbuminaemia
*Abnormal ammonia tolerance test
*Abnormal ammonia tolerance test
*Increased prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) indicates severe liver dysfunction or [[Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - Pathology|disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)]]
*Increased prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) indicates severe liver dysfunction or [[Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - Pathology|disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)]]
===Imaging===
===Imaging===
====Radiography====
Abdominal radiographs will only reveal microhepatica or ascites when advanced stages of disease are reached.
Abdominal radiographs will only reveal microhepatica or ascites when advanced stages of disease are reached.
Ultrasonographically, liver may be normal or non specific changes in echogenecity may be seen in early stages of the disease. In cases of cirrhosis, microhepatica, irregularity in hepatic margin, focal lesions corresponding to regenerative nodules, hyperechogenicity of liver parenchyma associated with increased fibrous tissue and ascites may be seen.
====Ultrasonography====
Ultrasonographically, liver may be normal or non specific changes in echogenecity may be seen in early stages of the disease. In cases of [[Liver General Pathology - Pathology#Cirrhosis|cirrhosis]], microhepatica, irregularity in hepatic margin, focal lesions corresponding to regenerative nodules, hyperechogenicity of liver parenchyma associated with increased fibrous tissue and ascites may be seen.
===Histopathology===
===Histopathology===
This is required for definitive diagnosis and to differentiate chronic hepatitis from other hepatopathies. Chronic hepatitis is characterised by moderate to severe lymphoplasmacellular inflammation and necrosis of the hepatocytes adjacent to the portal tracts.
This is required for definitive diagnosis and to differentiate chronic hepatitis from other hepatopathies. Chronic hepatitis is characterised by moderate to severe lymphoplasmacellular [[Inflammation - Pathology|inflammation]] and [[Liver General Pathology - Pathology#Necrosis|necrosis]] of the hepatocytes adjacent to the portal tracts.
==Treatment==
==Treatment==