Changes

Jump to navigation Jump to search
no edit summary
Line 141: Line 141:     
Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual'''
 
Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual'''
 +
 +
==From Pathology Section==
 +
 +
[[Gastric Ulceration - all species]]
 +
* Although ulcers are often secondary to other diseases, primary idiopathic peptic ulcers do occur, due to
 +
** Hyperacidity
 +
** Gastric carcinoma in older dog
 +
 +
 +
* Secondary ulcers are often associated with systemic diseases particularly '''uraemia''' and '''mast cell tumours'''. Gastric ulcer may be the cause of death but is not the primary disease. 
 +
*# '''Mast cell tumours'''
 +
*#*Boxers and Labradors are predisposed to these.
 +
*#* Vomit continually together with abdominal pain.
 +
*#* Ulcers are usually near the duodenum.
 +
*#** Frequently secondarily infected.
 +
*#** Often penetrate deeply.
 +
*#* Actively secreting mast cell tumours produce histame, leasing to gastric hyperacidity and therefore secondary peptic ulcers.
 +
*# '''Uraemia'''
 +
*#* Gastric lesions usually occur with chronic renal disease.
 +
*#** Gastrin is produced by the G cells of the gastric antrum during the gastric phase of digestion .
 +
*#*** Acts on H2 receptors on parietal cells to increase production of HCl.
 +
*#*** Increases release of histamine from gastric mucosal mast cells to increase HCl release.
 +
*#** Serum levels of gastrin are increased in chronic renal disease in dogs and cats.
 +
*#* In acute renal failure death ensues before gastric ulceration develops.
 +
*#* '''Pathogenesis'''
 +
*#** Loss of nephron and medullary concentration gradient in chronic interstitial nephritis mean collecting ducts cannot resorb fluid.
 +
*#*** A common cause of interstitial nephritis in the dog was leptospirosis.
 +
*#** Consequently, the animal drinks and urinates in enormous quantities, and urea is washed out with large quantities of fluid ("compensated renal failure").
 +
*#** If fluid is restricted,  urea cannot be washed out and the animal becomes uraemic.
 +
*#*** Urea is excreted into [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]], giving it a horrible ammoniacal smell and filling it with brown smelly liquid.
 +
*#*** Urea is also excreted into the [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]].
 +
*#** Urea in the stomach breaks down to ammonia, irritating the mucosa and contributing to gastric ulcer.
 +
*#** Uraemia also causes arteriolar degeneration in the submucosa, leading to hypoxic damage to the mucosa. This is another contributing factor to gastric ulcer.
 +
*#** [[Control of Feeding - Anatomy & Physiology#The Vomit Reflex|Vomiting]] causes dehydration and further raises blood urea.
 +
*#*** A vicious circle is produced-  ends in death by [[Control of Feeding - Anatomy & Physiology#The Vomit Reflex|vomiting]], dehydration and shock.
 +
*#** '''Note:''' If an animal in compensated renal failure is given anaesthetic, it will not drink much. It then may start to [[Control of Feeding - Anatomy & Physiology#The Vomit Reflex|vomit]] and die due to uraemia.
 +
 +
 +
* NSAIDs, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (due to pancreatic gastrin-secreting tumour), cirrhosis and bile reflux can all also cause gastric ulcers in the dog.
 +
[[Category:Gastric_Ulceration]][[Category:Dog]]
Author, Donkey, Bureaucrats, Administrators
53,803

edits

Navigation menu