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| − | ====Paralytic Ileus==== | + | ====[[Paralytic Ileus]]==== |
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| − | * A common condition.
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| − | * Occurs following trauma or abdominal surgery.
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| − | * Stasis of gut flow due to failure of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peristalsis| peristalsis].
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| − | ** Leads to distension with gas and fluid, as well as a flaccid intestinal wall.
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| − | =====Causes=====
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| − | * Anything which stops peristalsis, e.g.
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| − | ** Damage to nerve supply to intestine (autonomic nervous system)
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| − | ** Pain
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| − | ** Abnormal metabolism
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| − | ** Toxaemia
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| − | ** Electrolyte imbalance such as hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia, and hypokalaemia.
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| − | * Also in
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| − | ** Diabetes mellitus
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| − | ** Uraemia
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| − | ** Tetanus
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| − | ** Lead poisoning.
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| − | =====Pathology=====
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| − |
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| − | * loss of smooth muscle tone leads to a flaccid bowel.
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| − | * Bowel is distended with fluid.
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| − | =====Pathogenesis=====
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| − | * Intestine susceptible to neurogenic damage during an operation.
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| − | * Peristalsis fades away over a few days producing paralytic (adynamic) ileus.
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| − | * Particularly occurs if bowel handled roughly, or if serosa gets cold and dry at surgery.
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| − | * Very difficult to start peristalsis again but will sometimes respond to pharmacological or electrical stimulation.
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| − | * The horse is very susceptible, and the dog is somewhat suscpeitble.
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| | ====Dysautonomia==== | | ====Dysautonomia==== |