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==Tumours of the Perianal Area==
===Hepatoid Gland Tumours (Perianal Adenomas)===
[[Image:normal perianal gland.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Perianal gland- normal (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)]] * Affect the dog.
* Arise from the solid, modified sebaceous circumanal glands.
* Common in ageing entire males. [[Image:perianal gland adenoma histopath.jpg|thumb|100px|Perianal gland- adenoma (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)]]
* Lesions range from hyperplasia to true adenomas (benign).
** These low grade lesions are under hormonal control.
*** Castration/ administation of oestrogens or anti-androgens causes reduction in size.[[Image:perianal gland adenoma.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Perianal adenoma- gross appearance (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)]]
* Occasionally hepatoid carcinomas (malignant) arise in affected males
** Outwith hormonal control.
* Hepatoid gland tumours occur rarely in bitches.
** Are commonly malignant.
* Hepatoid glands are also found at the tail head, prepuce and occasionally other skin sites.
** Hepatoid tumours can also arise in these areas.