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| | Especially in the dog, the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] is frequently affeced by both primary and secondary neoplasms. | | Especially in the dog, the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] is frequently affeced by both primary and secondary neoplasms. |
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| − | ==Primary tumours==
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| − | *not as common as secondary tumours
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| − | *may arise from each of the four main tissues within the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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| − | **[[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] parenchymal cells
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| − | ***hepatoma
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| − | ***[[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] cell carcinoma
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| − | **bile ducts
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| − | ***cholangioma
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| − | ***bile duct carcinoma
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| − | **blood vessels
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| − | ***haemangioma
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| − | ***haemangiosarcoma
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| − | **connective tissue
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| − | ***fibroma
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| − | ***sarcoma
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| − | NB: [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] cell tumours and malignant bile duct tumours are the two most common primary hepatic neoplasms
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| − | ===Hepatocytic===
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| − | *[[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] cell tumours are usually seen as discrete masses within the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] parenchyma
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| − | *the tumour tissue is usually reddish brown in colour
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| − | *can be malignant, metastases occuring tothe local [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph nodes]] and lungs
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| − | ====Adenoma====
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| − | *seen mostly in sheep and cattle
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| − | =====Gross=====
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| − | *a single, pale, soft, often large nodule
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| − | *well demarcated from adjacent tissue, often with a noticeable capsule
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| − | =====Microscopically=====
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| − | *normal hepatocytic appearance
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| − | *no portal tracts within the mass
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| − | *a capsule surrounds the growth
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| − | ====Carcinoma====
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| − | *more in dogs and cats
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| − | =====Gross=====
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| − | *can be difficult to distinguish grossly from adenomas
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| − | *usually one single large mass and additional smaller masses (intrahepatic metastases)
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| − | *may have features of malignancy such as internal necrosis and haemorrhage
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| − | =====Microscopically=====
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| − | *can be very variable appearing as sheets or cords of neoplastic cells
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| − | *cells generally smaller with a higher nucleus to cytoplasmic ratio
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| − |
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| − | ===Cholangiocellular - bile duct===
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| − | ====Adenoma====
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| − | *very rare
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| − | *reported in dogs and cats
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| − | ====Carcinoma====
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| − | *more common
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| − | *reported in all species (mostly dogs and cats)
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| − | =====Gross=====
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| − | *usually multiple whitish umbilicated nodules that are present diffusely throughout the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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| − | **actually look as though they were secondary tumours
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| − | *firm on cut surface
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| − | **due to fibrosis
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| − | =====Microscopically=====
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| − | *distinctly adenocarcinomatous
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| − | *ductal and acinar proliferation in abundant fibrous tissue
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| − | *sometimes papillary formations
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| − |
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| − | ===Haemangiosarcoma===
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| − | *can be primary in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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| − | *other predilection sites
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| − | **[[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]]
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| − | **right auricle of the heart
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| − | *prevalent in large breeds
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| | ==Secondary tumours== | | ==Secondary tumours== |