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Campylobacter species - Overview (view source)
Revision as of 10:15, 14 July 2010
, 10:15, 14 July 2010Created page with '{{unfinished}} ==Overview== Campylobacter live on the mucosa of the intestinal and genital tract and can be commensals or pathogens. The enteric species cause disease in humans…'
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==Overview==
Campylobacter live on the mucosa of the intestinal and genital tract and can be commensals or pathogens. The enteric species cause disease in humans and other species cause infertility and abortion in cattle and sheep.
''C. jejuni'' and ''C. lari'' is excreted in the faeces of birds and pigs and can contaminate water and food supplies.
''C. fetus'' is restricted to the bovine prepucial mucosa.
==Characteristics==
The bacteria are curved, Gram negative rods with polar flagellum to aid motility. The daughter cells remain joined, giving a gull-wing or spiral appearance. They are microaerophilic and sensitive to drying.
Campylobater species can be divided into; Thermophilic species, including ''C. jejuni and C. coli'' and Non-thermophilic species e.g. ''C. fetus''.
They can grow on enriched selective media e.g. Skirrow agar in 1-10% carbon dioxide and 5-10% oxygen tension. Many grow on MacConkey, however ''C. jejuni'' requires increased temperatures for growth.
''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'' and subspecies ''fetus'' have small, round, smooth, translucent colonies.
''C. jejuni'' has small, flat, grey colonies with watery appearance.
Smears are stained with dilute carbol fuschin for 4 minutes.
==Pathogenesis and pathogenicity==
''C. fetus'' subspecies ''fetus'' and subspecies ''venerealis'' possess a microcapsule (S layer) which resists phagocytosis and serum-mediated destruction and enhances survival in the genital tract.
Antigens of the S layer undergo antigenic shifts in ''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'', allowing persistence in the host.
''C. jejuni'' attaches and invades host enterocytes and produces enterotoxin-like substances.
The Flagellae of ''C. jejuni'' required for colonisation.
==Diagnosis==
==Overview==
Campylobacter live on the mucosa of the intestinal and genital tract and can be commensals or pathogens. The enteric species cause disease in humans and other species cause infertility and abortion in cattle and sheep.
''C. jejuni'' and ''C. lari'' is excreted in the faeces of birds and pigs and can contaminate water and food supplies.
''C. fetus'' is restricted to the bovine prepucial mucosa.
==Characteristics==
The bacteria are curved, Gram negative rods with polar flagellum to aid motility. The daughter cells remain joined, giving a gull-wing or spiral appearance. They are microaerophilic and sensitive to drying.
Campylobater species can be divided into; Thermophilic species, including ''C. jejuni and C. coli'' and Non-thermophilic species e.g. ''C. fetus''.
They can grow on enriched selective media e.g. Skirrow agar in 1-10% carbon dioxide and 5-10% oxygen tension. Many grow on MacConkey, however ''C. jejuni'' requires increased temperatures for growth.
''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'' and subspecies ''fetus'' have small, round, smooth, translucent colonies.
''C. jejuni'' has small, flat, grey colonies with watery appearance.
Smears are stained with dilute carbol fuschin for 4 minutes.
==Pathogenesis and pathogenicity==
''C. fetus'' subspecies ''fetus'' and subspecies ''venerealis'' possess a microcapsule (S layer) which resists phagocytosis and serum-mediated destruction and enhances survival in the genital tract.
Antigens of the S layer undergo antigenic shifts in ''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'', allowing persistence in the host.
''C. jejuni'' attaches and invades host enterocytes and produces enterotoxin-like substances.
The Flagellae of ''C. jejuni'' required for colonisation.
==Diagnosis==