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==Description==
==Description==
Cutaneous '''Habronemiasis''' is a hypersensitivity reaction to the larvae of the nematode species [[Habronema and Draschia spp.|''Habronema'' and ''Draschia'']]. The adult nematode lives in the stomach of the horse and produces eggs which are then passed in the faeces as larvae. The larvae are ingested by the [[Musca spp.|house fly]] (''Musca domestica'') or [[Stomoxys calcitrans|stable fly]] (''Stomoxys calcitrans'') in their larval phase, and deposited on equine skin when they feed as adult flies.
Cutaneous '''Habronemiasis''' is a hypersensitivity reaction to the larvae of the nematode species [[Habronema and Draschia spp.|''Habronema'' and ''Draschia'']]. The adult nematode lives in the stomach of the horse and produces eggs which are then passed in the faeces and hatch into larvae. The larvae are ingested by the [[Musca spp.|house fly]] (''Musca domestica'') or [[Stomoxys calcitrans|stable fly]] (''Stomoxys calcitrans'') in their larval phase, and deposited on equine skin when they feed as adult flies.
The condition is characterised by '''ulcerative, granulomatous''' skin lesions which do not heal.
The condition is characterised by '''ulcerative, granulomatous''' skin lesions which do not heal.
In cases of conjunctival habronemiasis there will be gitty plaques on the conjunctival and palpebral borders, which is painful in severe cases leading to epiphora and blephrospasm. Conjunctival habronemiasis is fairly common and must be differentiated from Squamous cell carcinoma of the third eyelid.
In cases of conjunctival habronemiasis there will be gitty plaques on the conjunctival and palpebral borders, which is painful in severe cases leading to epiphora and blephrospasm. Conjunctival habronemiasis is fairly common and must be differentiated from Squamous cell carcinoma of the third eyelid.
===Cytology===
Cytology of exudate or skin scrapings
===Biopsy===
===Biopsy===
Biopsy will reveal nodular/diffuse granulomatous dermatitis with eosinophilic infiltrates and mast cells. Necrotic foci with multiple nemotode larvae, and granulation tissue with [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] along the ulcerated surface are also characteristic.
Biopsy will reveal nodular/diffuse granulomatous dermatitis with eosinophilic infiltrates and mast cells. Necrotic foci with multiple nemotode larvae, and granulation tissue with [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] along the ulcerated surface are also characteristic.