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| | + | {{unfinished}} |
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| − | *Also known as the tongue worm
| + | {{Taxobox |
| | + | |name =''Linguatula serrata |
| | + | |kingdom = |
| | + | |phylum = |
| | + | |class = Pentastomida |
| | + | |sub-class = |
| | + | |order = |
| | + | |super-family = |
| | + | |family = Linguatulidae |
| | + | |sub-family = |
| | + | |genus = |
| | + | |species = |
| | + | }} |
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| − | *A highly specialised [[:Category:Arthropods|arthropod]]
| + | {| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" |
| | + | | Also known as: |
| | + | | '''Tongue worm |
| | + | |- |
| | + | |} |
| | | | |
| | + | ==Hosts== |
| | + | Tropical reptiles e.g. snakes. |
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| − | '''Recognition'''
| + | ==Identification== |
| − | *[[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|Tongue]]-like appearance
| + | The adults have apparent transverse striations. The males are around 20mm in length, whereas the females are larger at between 80-130mm in length. |
| − | **Expanded anteriorly
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| − | | |
| − | *Adults are over 10cm in length
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| − | **Females measure between 30-130mm in length
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| − | **Males measure up to 20mm in length
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| − | | |
| − | *Transversely striated
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| − | '''Life cycle'''
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| − | *Life cycle takes '''6 months'''
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| − | *Adults inhabit the [[Nasal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal passages]] of dogs and sometimes cats
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| − | | |
| − | *Eggs are expelled by coughing and sneezing or are passed out with the faeces
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| − | *Herbivorous intermediate hosts ingest the eggs
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| − | *Eggs hatch in the herbivore [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|intestine]]
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| − | | |
| − | *Larvae migrate to the [[Peritoneal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology#Mesenteries|mesenteric lymph nodes]] and encyst to become infective nymphs
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| − | **Cysts measure 1mm in diameter
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| − | | |
| − | *When a dog eats infected uncooked viscera the life cycle is completed
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| − | *Infective nymphs migrate from the viscera during chewing and crawl up into the [[Nasal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]] via the [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]]
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| − | *Infective nymphs mature to adults in the [[Nasal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavities]] and can survive for a year in the final host
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| − | '''Pathogenesis'''
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| − | *Causes [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|rhinitis]]
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| − | *Heavy infection leads to coughing, sneezing and nasal discharge
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| − | *Synonym: tongue worm
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| − | *In [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|nasal passages]] of dogs, sometimes cats
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| − | *May reach the [[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of sinusitis|sinuses]]
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| − | *Heavy infections may cause sneezing, coughing, nasal discharge
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| | | | |
| | + | ==Life Cycle== |
| | + | This is an indirect life cycle. Eggs are released into the environment through coughing and sneezing. Egs are ingested by an intermediate host, most commonly the sheep and cattle. The larvae develop and migrate into the liver and the lungs. The larve then enter the nymphal stage. The final host is infected via ingestion of inadequately cooked meat. The nymphs then migrate to the nasal cavity and sinuses. Infective nymphs mature to adults, and can survive for up to one year. |
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| | + | The complete life cycle takes around 6 months. |
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| | [[Category:Crustacea]] | | [[Category:Crustacea]] |