1,406
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
→Proton-pump inhibitors
*'''Famotidine''' 10-15mg/kg PO every 24 hours
*'''Famotidine''' 10-15mg/kg PO every 24 hours
===Proton-pump inhibitors===
===Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)===
PPIs irreversibly bind to the H+K+-ATPase proton pump of the parietal cell and block the secretion of hydrogen ions. These agents are more effective than H2 antagonsists as their action is receptor-independent, it blocks the final pathwya of acid secretion and.(EGUC)
Omeprazole, one of 2 compounds in this class currently licensed in the United States for use in man, is now licensed for use in horses. It has demonstrated an excellent efficacy and safety profile. In double-blind, placebo-controlled field trials, omeprazole paste, administered at 4 mgkg bwt was effective in eliminating or substantially reducing the severity of gastric ulcers. At this dose rate, pH >6 persisted for 24 h after the last treatment. In human medicine, omeprazole has been approved for long term and prophylactic use in patients with erosive oesophagitis. This is meaningful, because ulcers in the squamous portion of the equine stomach are most prevalent (>go%) and resemble the human form of erosive oesophagitis.(EGUC)
Treatment of uncomplicated equine peptic ulcer disease
Treatment of uncomplicated equine peptic ulcer disease
Omeprazole has the advantages that:
Omeprazole has the advantages that:
Its ease of administration and once-daily dosing promotes compliance with a recommended treatment
Its ease of administration and once-daily dosing promotes compliance with a recommended treatment
strategy.(EGUC)
strategy.(EGUC)
. One important advantage of proton pump inhibitors is their ability to inhibit acid production for 24 h with once-a-day dosing (Papich 1993). The recommended dose of oral omeprazole is 4.0 mgkg bwt every 24 h.(Orsini)
Omeprazole, a substituted benzimidazole Omeprazole inhibits H+K+ATPase, the enzyme responsible for the final production of acid by parietal cells. In man, it has recently been shown that healing of erosive oesophagitis with antisecretory drugs is directly correlated to both the duration of acid suppression over a 24 h period and the elevation of intraoesophageal pH above 4 for at least 96% of the 24 h period (Tibbling 1993). In horses, orally administered omeprazole has been shown to increase stomach pH above 4 and to significantly inhibit gastric secretion for at least 27 h after treatment (Bough et al. 1995) In addition, omeprazole has a longer duration of action than the H2 receptor antagonists and, consequently, only requires once daily dosing (Brown and Rees 1994). No side-effects were observed in any of the horses in our study. Similarly, in 2 studies in which omeprazole was administered orally to horses over a 5 day period no adverse effects were noted (Ryberg et al. 1989; Bough et al. 1995). At the present dosage, omeprazole appears safe for use in horses, although further studies are required. As with human individuals suffering GERD (Gunasekaran and Hassall 1993), once omeprazole treatment was stopped in the horses, ulceration returned within 2 weeks. Presumably the same factors responsible for the development of ulcers in horses were still present at the end of the trial. In man, long-term treatment of GERD has been achieved by placing patents on a maintenance dose of omeprazole (Gunasekaran and Hassall 1993). Although no side-effects were observed in human patients receiving long-term omeprazole therapy (Goldberg
Omeprazole, a substituted benzimidazole Omeprazole inhibits H+K+ATPase, the enzyme responsible for the final production of acid by parietal cells. In man, it has recently been shown that healing of erosive oesophagitis with antisecretory drugs is directly correlated to both the duration of acid suppression over a 24 h period and the elevation of intraoesophageal pH above 4 for at least 96% of the 24 h period (Tibbling 1993). In horses, orally administered omeprazole has been shown to increase stomach pH above 4 and to significantly inhibit gastric secretion for at least 27 h after treatment (Bough et al. 1995) In addition, omeprazole has a longer duration of action than the H2 receptor antagonists and, consequently, only requires once daily dosing (Brown and Rees 1994). No side-effects were observed in any of the horses in our study. Similarly, in 2 studies in which omeprazole was administered orally to horses over a 5 day period no adverse effects were noted (Ryberg et al. 1989; Bough et al. 1995). At the present dosage, omeprazole appears safe for use in horses, although further studies are required. As with human individuals suffering GERD (Gunasekaran and Hassall 1993), once omeprazole treatment was stopped in the horses, ulceration returned within 2 weeks. Presumably the same factors responsible for the development of ulcers in horses were still present at the end of the trial. In man, long-term treatment of GERD has been achieved by placing patents on a maintenance dose of omeprazole (Gunasekaran and Hassall 1993). Although no side-effects were observed in human patients receiving long-term omeprazole therapy (Goldberg
Javsicas LH, Sanchez LC.
Javsicas LH, Sanchez LC.
Omeprazole paste effectively increases intragastric pH in clinically ill neonatal foals after one dose at 4 mg/kg bwt orally.
Omeprazole paste effectively increases intragastric pH in clinically ill neonatal foals after one dose at 4 mg/kg bwt orally.
===Antacids===
===Antacids===