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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
− | ===History and Clinical Signs=== | + | ==Clinical Signs== |
| History may involve access to toxins and drugs such as [[NSAIDs|NSAIDs]]. | | History may involve access to toxins and drugs such as [[NSAIDs|NSAIDs]]. |
− | Clinical Signs can include vomiting, haematemesis, malaena, pale mucous membranes, abdominal pain, Weakness,Inappetance and hypersalivation which can progress to circulatory compromise. | + | Clinical Signs can include vomiting, haematemesis, malaena, pale mucous membranes, abdominal pain, weakness, inappetance and hypersalivation which can progress to circulatory compromise. |
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| + | ==Laboratory Tests== |
| ===Haematology=== | | ===Haematology=== |
− | [[Anaemia|Anaemia]] which can be regenerative initially, and may progress to microcytic, hypochromic and minutely regenerative. | + | [[Anaemia|Anaemia]] which may be regenerative initially, and can progress to microcytic, hypochromic and minutely regenerative anaemia. |
| A thrombocytosis may also be present. If a stress leucogram (lymphopenia and neutrophilia) is not present this is supportive of [[Hypoadrenocorticism - Addison's Disease|hypoadrenocorticism]]. | | A thrombocytosis may also be present. If a stress leucogram (lymphopenia and neutrophilia) is not present this is supportive of [[Hypoadrenocorticism - Addison's Disease|hypoadrenocorticism]]. |
− | Examination of the buffy coat may detect mastocytosis | + | Examination of the buffy coat may detect mastocytosis. |
− | [[Changes in Inflammatory Cells Circulating in Blood - Pathology#Neutrophilia|Neutrophilia]] and a left shift are indicative of inflammation or gastric perforation. | + | A[[Changes in Inflammatory Cells Circulating in Blood - Pathology#Neutrophilia|Neutrophilia]] and a left shift are indicative of inflammation or gastric perforation. |
| There may also be abnormalities in [[Haemostasis - Pathology|haemostasis]]. | | There may also be abnormalities in [[Haemostasis - Pathology|haemostasis]]. |
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| ===Biochemistry=== | | ===Biochemistry=== |
− | *Dehydration - azotaemia
| + | Increased liver enzymes and bilirubin, decreased urea, albumin and cholesterol will indicate hepatic disease as an underlying problem. |
− | *Hepatic disease - increased liver enzymes and bilirubin, decreased urea, albumin and cholesterol
| + | If renal disease is present, an azotaemia will be present on biochemistry. |
− | *Renal disease - azotaemia
| + | If[[Hypoadrenocorticism - Addison's Disease|Hypoadrenocorticism]] is the cause of the ulceration, it is likely biochemistry will show a Sodium:Potassium ratio of less than 27:1. |
− | *[[Hypoadrenocorticism - Addison's Disease|Hypoadrenocorticism]] - Sodium:Potassium ratio of less than 27:1
| + | If the animal is vomiting this will lead to electrolyte and acid-base abnormalities, a metabolic alkalosis, hypokalaemia and hypochloraemia. |
− | *Vomiting will lead to electrolyte and acid-base abnormalities - metabolic alkalosis, hypokalaemia and hypochloraemia
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| ===Urinalysis=== | | ===Urinalysis=== |