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| | ===Pathology=== | | ===Pathology=== |
| − | ====Acute Fascioliasis====
| + | In acute fasciolosis, immature flukes grow and migrate within the liver parenchyma, causing necrotic tracts and haemorrhage. Damage to hepatocytes releases GDH, accounting for the elevation detectable in serum levels. The liver is also subject to post-necrotic scarring, where necrotic areas shrink and fibrose and normal tissues hypertrophy. |
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| − | *'''Liver pathology'''
| + | e migrating flukes → liver |
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| − | **Flukes
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| − | develop from 0.1mm-1cm within the liver parenchyma causing trauma,
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| − | necrotic tracts, and haemorrhages
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| − | **Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH)
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| − | is released by damaged cells
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| − | *Acute damage to liver causes
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| − | post-necrotic scarring → shrinkage of affected tissues and hypertrophy
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| − | of normal tissue → the typical appearance of the liver in chronic
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| − | disease
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| − | *Chronic damage to bile ducts → peribiliary fibrosis
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| − | (Note:
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| − | other complex events also occur, including disruption of
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| − | haemodynamics, monolobular fibrosis, egg-granulomas etc.)
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| − | *'''Black
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| − | disease (Infectious Necrotic Hepatitis)'''
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| − | **caused by a toxin
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| − | produced by ''Clostridium novyi'' type B.
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| − | **It is commonly
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| − | associated with liver fluke infestation because migrating flukes → liver
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| | necrosis → anaerobic conditions → clostridial multiplication → toxin | | necrosis → anaerobic conditions → clostridial multiplication → toxin |
| | production → disease | | production → disease |