Changes

==Description==

==Description==

Primary obstruction may occur due to the physical blockage of the gastrointestinal tract by ingested material such as baling twine, hair or fencing material. Ingestion of objects such as nails, wire or sharp stones may also lead to obstruction via the formation of an enterolith. The most common site for foreign body obstruction is at the junction of the right dorsal and transverse colon due to the reduction in lumenal diameter at this point.  

Primary obstruction may occur due to the physical blockage of the gastrointestinal tract by ingested material such as baling twine, hair or fencing material. Ingestion of objects such as nails, wire or sharp stones may also lead to obstruction via the formation of an enterolith. The most common site for foreign body obstruction is at the junction of the right dorsal and transverse colon due to the reduction in lumenal diameter at this point. Obstruction may also occur in the small colon.

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Foreign body obstruction is most common in younger horses due to their often indiscriminate feeding habits.  

Foreign body obstruction is most common in younger horses due to their often indiscriminate feeding habits. It may also occur in malnourished or starved horses with anadequate access to food.

==Clinical signs==

==Clinical signs==

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

Diagnosis is usually based on history of ingestion of foreign material combined with clinical signs of abdominal pain.  

A history of ingestion of foreign material combined with clinical signs of abdominal pain, reduction in faecal output and dehydration is strongly suggested of a non-strangulating obstruction. Rectal examination may reveal the presence of a foreign body but this is often unremarkable. Affected horses are generally unresponsive to medical management.  

Affected horses are generally unresponsive to medical management. The foreign body may be palpable during rectal examination.

   

   

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

==References==

==References==