− | Most common in the southeastern USA, Germany, and The Netherlands.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition)''', ''Merial''.</ref> Anoplocephala perfoliata has a prevalence as high as 60% in some geographical areas and has been associated with increased risk for serious conditions in the horse including bowel irritation, ileal impaction, and spasmodic colic. (Kania)
| + | Ileal impaction occurs most frequently in the southeastern USA, Germany and The Netherlands.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition)''', ''Merial''.</ref> |