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| | *[[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cell]] deficiencies can affect both the cell-mediated and humoral response as [[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cells]] play a central role in the immune system | | *[[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cell]] deficiencies can affect both the cell-mediated and humoral response as [[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cells]] play a central role in the immune system |
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| − | ===Deficiencies of Innate Immunity===
| + | [[Primary Innate Immunity Deficiencies]] |
| − | [[Image:Grey Collie Syndrome.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Appearance of a puppy with Grey Collie syndrome - Copyright Michelle Tennis & Peggy Melton]]
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| − | ====Canine Cyclic Haematopoiesis====
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| − | *Also called '''Grey Collie Syndrome'''
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| − | *Autosomal recessive
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| − | *Insertion mutation in AP3B1 gene
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| − | *Diluted grey coat colour, stunted growth, poor wound healing
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| − | *Neutropenia every 2 weeks which lasts 3-4 days due to cyclic production of cells from [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]]
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| − | *Animals are prone to recurrent infections, mainly from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract
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| − | **E.g. pyrexia, [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]], gingivitis and arthritis
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| − | *Puppies can be distinguished from other litter mates by the diluted grey colouring
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| − | *Affected puppies show symptoms such as fever, joint pain and eye, skin and respiratory infections from 8 weeks of age
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| − | *Affected animals rarely live beyond 2-3 years with most puppies dying within a few weeks of birth
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| − | ====Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD)====
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| − | *Occurs in Irish Setters
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| − | *Missence mutation of -Cys-36-Ser- in CD18 molecule
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| − | **CD18 is required for [[Neutrophils|neutrophil]] migration and phagocytosis
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| − | *Recurrent bacterial infection
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| − | *Neutrophilia ([[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] remain in the blood and are unable to fight infection in the tissue)
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| − | ====Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (BLAD)====
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| − | *Occurs in Holstein cattle
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| − | *Missence mutation of -Asp-128-Gly in CD18 molecule
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| − | *Recurrent infection, e.g. pneumonia
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| | ===Deficiencies of Adaptive Immunity=== | | ===Deficiencies of Adaptive Immunity=== |