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===Clinical Signs===
 
===Clinical Signs===
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Generally, the first clinical signs reported by an owner are
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occasional coughing and exercise intolerance. As disease severity progresses, the cough becomes more frequent
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and severely affected horses will have paroxysmal bouts
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of coughing. Horses are typically afebrile, but have a progressively
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elevated respiratory rate and varying amounts of
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mucopurulent nasal discharge. In severe cases, signs of respiratory
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distress (eg, flaring of the nostrils, audible wheezing
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at the nostrils and obvious abdominal expiratory effort)
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are apparent at rest. Horses that are markedly dyspnoeic
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may not maintain body condition due to increased energy
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expenditure caused by the increased work of breathing.
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In chronic severe cases, a ‘heave’ line may develop due to
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hypertrophy of the external abdominal oblique muscle.
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===Diagnostis Imaging===
 
===Diagnostis Imaging===
 
===Laboratory Tests===
 
===Laboratory Tests===
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