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Salivary Glands Overview - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 16:45, 4 September 2010
, 16:45, 4 September 2010Created page with "==Introduction== The oral cavity is drained by numerous salivary glands. The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facilitat..."
==Introduction==
The [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] is drained by numerous salivary glands. The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facilitates [[Mastication|mastication]] by lubricating the passage of the bolus.
Salivary gands are present in the [[Cheeks|cheek]], [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], [[Lips|lips]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]], [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] and [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] but the major salivary glands are located further away from the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and function through connective ducts.
Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.
Salivary glands can produce a [[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|serous]] secretion, a [[Mucous Salivary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|mucous]] secretion or both.
==Types of Salivary Glands==
[[Image:Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
===Major Salivary Glands===
*[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid]] (glandula parotis)
*[[Mandibular Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Mandibular]] (glandula mandibularis)
*[[Sublingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Sublingual]] (glandula sublinguales)
*[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] (glandula zygomatica)
===Minor Salivary Glands===
*[[Labial Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Labial]]
*[[Lingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Lingual]]
*[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]]
*[[Palatine Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Palatine]]
[[Image:Salivary Glands Dog.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands Labelled (Dog) - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
==Innervation==
*Sympathetic
**Vasoconstriction occurs
**Flow of saliva is decreased
*Parasympathetic (most important)
**Travel from the brainstem by the facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]) and glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN XI]]) then into branches of the trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]])
**Flow of salivary fluid increases
**Vasodilation occurs
*Main nerves are occulomotor ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN III]]), facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]), glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) and vagus ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]])
==Saliva==
*Mainly water
*Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
*Salt- mainly sodium bicarbonate
*Mucin
*Electrolytes
*Antimicrobial agents
*Lingual lipase
==Species Differences==
[[Image:Salivary Glands of Different Species.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands of cow, horse, pig and dog - Copyright prof. Pat Mccarthy]]
===Equine===
*Produce up to 40L per day
===Bovine===
*Produce 110-180L per day
===Porcine===
*Produce up tp 15L per day
==Test yourself with the Salivary Glands flashcards==
[[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Salivary Glands Flashcards|Salivary Glands Flashcards]]
==Links==
[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Pathology|Salivary Glands Pathology]]
[[Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]]
The [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] is drained by numerous salivary glands. The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facilitates [[Mastication|mastication]] by lubricating the passage of the bolus.
Salivary gands are present in the [[Cheeks|cheek]], [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], [[Lips|lips]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]], [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] and [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] but the major salivary glands are located further away from the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and function through connective ducts.
Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.
Salivary glands can produce a [[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|serous]] secretion, a [[Mucous Salivary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|mucous]] secretion or both.
==Types of Salivary Glands==
[[Image:Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
===Major Salivary Glands===
*[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid]] (glandula parotis)
*[[Mandibular Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Mandibular]] (glandula mandibularis)
*[[Sublingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Sublingual]] (glandula sublinguales)
*[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] (glandula zygomatica)
===Minor Salivary Glands===
*[[Labial Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Labial]]
*[[Lingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Lingual]]
*[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]]
*[[Palatine Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Palatine]]
[[Image:Salivary Glands Dog.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands Labelled (Dog) - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
==Innervation==
*Sympathetic
**Vasoconstriction occurs
**Flow of saliva is decreased
*Parasympathetic (most important)
**Travel from the brainstem by the facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]) and glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN XI]]) then into branches of the trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]])
**Flow of salivary fluid increases
**Vasodilation occurs
*Main nerves are occulomotor ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN III]]), facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]), glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) and vagus ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]])
==Saliva==
*Mainly water
*Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
*Salt- mainly sodium bicarbonate
*Mucin
*Electrolytes
*Antimicrobial agents
*Lingual lipase
==Species Differences==
[[Image:Salivary Glands of Different Species.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands of cow, horse, pig and dog - Copyright prof. Pat Mccarthy]]
===Equine===
*Produce up to 40L per day
===Bovine===
*Produce 110-180L per day
===Porcine===
*Produce up tp 15L per day
==Test yourself with the Salivary Glands flashcards==
[[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Salivary Glands Flashcards|Salivary Glands Flashcards]]
==Links==
[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Pathology|Salivary Glands Pathology]]
[[Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]]