Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Eructation is the release of gases from the stomach through the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]]. Carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and other volatile products are produced in the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] through the fermentaion of food by microorganisms and most of these gases are then released through eructation.  

Eructation is the release of gases from the stomach through the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]]. Carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and other volatile products are produced in the [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] through the fermentaion of food by microorganisms and most of these gases are then released through eructation.  

Not all the carbon dioxide produced in the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] is released through eructation. Some of the gas is absorbed directly over the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] wall.

Not all the carbon dioxide produced in the [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] is released through eructation. Some of the gas is absorbed directly over the [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] wall.

If gas release does not occur, or gas elimination does not equal gas production a condition called [[Bloat|bloat]] will arise.

If gas release does not occur, or gas elimination does not equal gas production a condition called [[Bloat|bloat]] will arise.

*[[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology#Ruminoreticular contraction|Ruminal contractions]] (no reticular contribution)

*[[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology#Ruminoreticular contraction|Ruminal contractions]] (no reticular contribution)

*Before eructation can occur the cardia must be cleared of liquid ingesta as the cardia is reflexly closed on contact with the liquid [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] contents

*Before eructation can occur the cardia must be cleared of liquid ingesta as the cardia is reflexly closed on contact with the liquid [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] contents

*Contractions start in the ventral sac and spread to the dorsal sac

*Contractions start in the ventral sac and spread to the dorsal sac

*Contractions spread caudally to cranially over the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]]

*Contractions spread caudally to cranially over the [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]]

*Ruminal gas is forced towards the cranial cardiac area where it is aspirated into the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]]

*Ruminal gas is forced towards the cranial cardiac area where it is aspirated into the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]]