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| ==Granulopoiesis== | | ==Granulopoiesis== |
| All granulocytes develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] cells. | | All granulocytes develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] cells. |
| + | |
| ===Summary of pathways=== | | ===Summary of pathways=== |
− | <div style="text-align: center;">
| |
| {| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" align="left" | | {| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" align="left" |
| | | | | |
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| !Basophil | | !Basophil |
| !Eosinophil | | !Eosinophil |
− | |rowspan="10"|<p>[[Image:LH_Developing_granulocytes_Histology.jpg|200px|Developing granulocytes]]</p><sup>©RVC 2008</sup> | + | | rowspan="10" |<p>[[Image:LH_Developing_granulocytes_Histology.jpg|200px|Developing granulocytes]]</p><sup>©RVC 2008</sup> |
| |- | | |- |
| !Stem cell | | !Stem cell |
− | |colspan="4"|CFU-GEMM | + | | colspan="4" |CFU-GEMM |
| |- | | |- |
| !CFU | | !CFU |
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| |CFU-Eo | | |CFU-Eo |
| |- | | |- |
− | !Factors | + | !Cytokines |
− | |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p><p>M-CSF</p> | + | |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p><p>M-CSF</p> |
− | |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p><p>G-CSF</p> | + | |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p><p>G-CSF</p> |
− | |valign="top"|<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p> | + | | valign="top" |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p> |
− | |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>Il-3</p><p>Il-5</p> | + | |<p>GM-CSF</p><p>IL-3</p><p>IL-5</p> |
| |- | | |- |
− | !Rowspan="6"|Stages | + | ! rowspan="6" |Stages |
| |Monoblast | | |Monoblast |
− | |colspan="3"|Myelocyte | + | | colspan="3" |Myelocyte |
| |- | | |- |
| |Promonocyte | | |Promonocyte |
− | |colspan="3"|Promyelocyte | + | | colspan="3" |Promyelocyte |
| |- | | |- |
− | |rowspan="4"|Monocyte | + | | rowspan="4" |Monocyte |
| |Neutrophilic Myelocyte | | |Neutrophilic Myelocyte |
| |Basophilic Myelocyte | | |Basophilic Myelocyte |
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| |- | | |- |
| |Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte | | |Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte |
− | |rowspan="2"|Basophilic Metamyelocyte | + | | rowspan="2" |Basophilic Metamyelocyte |
− | |rowspan="2"|Eosinophilic Metamyelocyte | + | | rowspan="2" |Eosinophilic Metamyelocyte |
| |- | | |- |
| |Band Cell | | |Band Cell |
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| |Eosinophil | | |Eosinophil |
| |} | | |} |
− | </div>
| |
| <Br clear="left"> | | <Br clear="left"> |
| | | |
| ==Neutrophils== | | ==Neutrophils== |
− | Under the stimulation of GM-CSF, G-CSF and Il-3 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GM]], the common precursor for both neutrophils and monocytes. This then further differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-G]]. | + | Under the stimulation of [[Cytokines|cytokines]] GM-CSF, G-CSF and IL-3 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GM]], the common precursor for both neutrophils and monocytes. This then further differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-G]]. |
| ===Stages:=== | | ===Stages:=== |
| ====Myeloblast==== | | ====Myeloblast==== |
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| | | |
| ==Basophils== | | ==Basophils== |
− | Under the stimulation of GM-CSF and Il-3, the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Ba]]. | + | Under the stimulation of GM-CSF and IL-3, the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Ba]]. |
| ===Stages:=== | | ===Stages:=== |
| ====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte==== | | ====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte==== |
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| | | |
| ==Eosinophils== | | ==Eosinophils== |
− | Under the stimulation of GM-CSF, Il-3 and Il-5 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Eo]]. | + | Under the stimulation of GM-CSF, IL-3 and IL-5 the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-GEMM]] differentiates into the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-Eo]]. |
| ===Stages:=== | | ===Stages:=== |
| ====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte==== | | ====Myeloblast & Promyelocyte==== |
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| | | |
| ===Dendritic cells=== | | ===Dendritic cells=== |
− | These develop from the monoblast under the stimualtion of GM-CSF and IL-4 into an immature dendritic cell. This then develops into the mature dendritic cell under stimulation of TNF-α. | + | These develop from the monoblast under the stimualtion of GM-CSF and IL-4 into an immature dendritic cell. This then develops into the mature [[T_cell_differentiation#Dendritic_Cells|dendritic cell]] under stimulation of TNF-α. |
| <br> | | <br> |
| | | |
| ==Lymphopoiesis== | | ==Lymphopoiesis== |
− | <p>[[Lymphocytes - Introduction|Lymphocytes]] develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-L]]'s. Those destined to become [[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cells]] leave the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]] and migrate to the [[Thymus - Anatomy & Physiology|thymus]], and those destined to be [[Lymphocytes#B cells|B cells]] migrate to the [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]] and GALT or proliferate directly from the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]].</p><p>Follow these links for a more detailed explanation on [[T cell differentiation|T cell development]] and [[B cell differentiation |B cell development]].</p>
| + | [[Lymphocytes - Introduction|Lymphocytes]] develop from the [[Haematopoiesis - Overview#Colony Forming Units|CFU-L]]'s. Those destined to become [[T cells]] leave the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]] and migrate to the [[Thymus - Anatomy & Physiology|thymus]], and those destined to be [[B cells]] migrate to the [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]] and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) or proliferate directly from the bone marrow. |
| {|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" border="1" | | {|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" border="1" |
| | | | | |
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| |colspan="4"|CFU-L | | |colspan="4"|CFU-L |
| |-align="center" | | |-align="center" |
− | |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼Il-7 & Il-11</sup> | + | |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼IL-7 & IL-11</sup> |
− | |colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-7 & SCF</sup> | + | |colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-7 & SCF</sup> |
| |-align="center" | | |-align="center" |
| |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|B lymphoid cell progenitor | | |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|B lymphoid cell progenitor |
| |colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|T lymphoid cell progenitor | | |colspan="3" style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|T lymphoid cell progenitor |
| |-align="center" | | |-align="center" |
− | |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼Il-3 & Il-7</sup> | + | |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|<sup>▼IL-3 & IL-7</sup> |
− | |style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-7</sup> | + | |style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-7</sup> |
− | |style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-2, IL-12 & Il-18</sup> | + | |style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-2, IL-12 & IL-18</sup> |
− | |style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼Il-3, Il-6, GM-CSF & SCF</sup> | + | |style="background-color:#e6e6fa"|<sup>▼IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF & SCF</sup> |
| |-align="center" | | |-align="center" |
| |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|Pre-B cell | | |style="background-color:#ffffcc"|Pre-B cell |
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| |} | | |} |
| <p>'''Note:''' | | <p>'''Note:''' |
− | *That between the 'pre-[type] cell' stage and the final mature all the lymphocytes are referred to as 'immature [type] cells'. | + | *Between the 'pre-[type] cell' stage and the final mature all the lymphocytes are referred to as 'immature [type] cells'. |
− | * T cell differentiation into it's different forms (helper, cytotoxic and T cell with regulator functions) is under stimulation by Il-10 & TNF-γ</p> | + | * T cell differentiation into helper, cytotoxic and T cells with regulator functions is induced by IL-10 & TNF-γ |
| [[Category:Haematopoiesis]] | | [[Category:Haematopoiesis]] |