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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
Permethrin is the active ingredient of many 'spot-on' paraciticides used in the control of fleas and ticks in dogs <ref name="multiples"> '''Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons information Service (VPIS), London''', ''Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery''(2007)'''9''',335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf 07.11.2010 </ref>. In is also used in products intended for use in rats, mice, gerbils and guinea pigs <ref name="multiples">'''Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons information Service (VPIS), London''', ''Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery''(2007)'''9''',335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf 07.11.2010 </ref>. Permethrin mediates its effects through modulation of voltage-sensitive sodium channels. <ref name="multiples"> Ray DE (1991)pesticides derived from plants and other organisms. In: Hayes WJ, Laws ER (eds), ''Handbook of Pesticide Toxicity, Classes of Pesticides''referenced in ''Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery''(2007)'''9''',335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf
Permethrin is the active ingredient of many 'spot-on' pesticides used in the control of fleas and ticks in dogs <ref name="multiples"> '''Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons information Service (VPIS), London''', ''Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery''(2007)'''9''',335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf 07.11.2010 </ref>. In is also used in products intended for use in rats, mice, gerbils and guinea pigs <ref name="multiples">'''Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons information Service (VPIS), London''', ''Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery''(2007)'''9''',335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf 07.11.2010 </ref>. Permethrin mediates its effects through modulation of voltage-sensitive sodium channels. <ref name="multiples"> Ray DE (1991)pesticides derived from plants and other organisms. In: Hayes WJ, Laws ER (eds), ''Handbook of Pesticide Toxicity, Classes of Pesticides''referenced in ''Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery''(2007)'''9''',335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf The net result of this modulation is repetitive nerve firing.
The net result of this modulation is repetitive nerve firing, due to
==Signalment==
==Signalment==
Permethrin poisoning in most commonly seen in cats who have inadvertently been administered spot-on products intended for use in dogs, or who have had contact with dogs following application of the preparations <ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical Care''', Chapter 19, Second Edition, 2007 </ref>.
Permethrin poisoning in most commonly seen in cats who have inadvertently been administered spot-on products intended for use in dogs, or who have had contact with dogs following application of the preparations <ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical Care''', Chapter 19, Second Edition, 2007 </ref>.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Clinical Signs===
===Clinical Signs===
Includes: twitching, convulsions, ataxia, hypersalivation, emesis, diarrhoea, hyperaesthesia, muscle fasciculations, lethargy, tachycardia, anxiety, temporary blindness,death <ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical Care''', Chapter 19, Second Edition, 2007 </ref>, <ref name="multiples"> '''Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons information Service (VPIS), London''', ''Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery''(2007)'''9''',335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf 07.11.2010 </ref>.
===Laboratory Tests===
===Laboratory Tests===
===Pathology===
===Pathology===